Le C N, Mendes R, Kruijt M, Raaijmakers J M
Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, The Netherlands, and Department of Plant Protection, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry (HUAF), Vietnam.
Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University.
Plant Dis. 2012 Mar;96(3):389-397. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-11-0468.
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an economically important legume crop in Vietnam and many other countries worldwide. Stem and pod rot, caused by the soilborne fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, is a major yield-limiting factor in groundnut cultivation. To develop sustainable measures to control this disease, fundamental knowledge of the epidemiology and diversity of S. rolfsii populations is essential. In this study, disease incidence was monitored in eight groundnut areas in central Vietnam with a total of 240 observational field plots. The results showed that 5 to 25% of the field-grown groundnut plants were infected by S. rolfsii. Based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA sequence analyses, three distinct groups were identified among a total of 103 randomly selected S. rolfsii field isolates, with the majority of the isolates (n = 90) in one ITS group. S. rolfsii isolates originating from groundnut, tomato, and taro were all pathogenic on groundnut and relatively sensitive to the fungicide tebuconazole but displayed substantial diversity of various genetic and phenotypic traits, including mycelial compatibility, growth rate, and sclerotial characteristics.
花生（落花生）是越南以及世界上许多其他国家一种具有重要经济价值的豆类作物。由土壤传播的真菌齐整小核菌引起的茎腐病和荚腐病，是花生种植中主要的产量限制因素。为制定可持续的病害防治措施，了解齐整小核菌种群的流行病学和多样性的基础知识至关重要。在本研究中，对越南中部八个花生种植区的240个观测田块的病害发生率进行了监测。结果表明，5%至25%的田间种植花生植株受到齐整小核菌的感染。基于内部转录间隔区（ITS）核糖体DNA序列分析，在总共103个随机选择的齐整小核菌田间分离株中鉴定出三个不同的组，其中大多数分离株（n = 90）属于一个ITS组。源自花生、番茄和芋头的齐整小核菌分离株对花生均具有致病性，且对杀菌剂戊唑醇相对敏感，但在包括菌丝体相容性、生长速率和菌核特征等各种遗传和表型性状上表现出显著的多样性。
