Giordano Paul R, Chaves Arielle M, Mitkowski Nathaniel A, Vargas Joseph M
Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881.
Plant Dis. 2012 Dec;96(12):1736-1742. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-04-12-0377-RE.
Bacterial etiolation and decline caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae is an emerging disease of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) in and around the transition zone, a unique area of turfgrass culture between cool and warm regions of the United States. It is suspected that the disease has been present for many years, although diagnosis of the first occurrence was not reported until 2010. Solicitation of samples from golf courses in 2010 and 2011 was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and dissemination of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae on creeping bentgrass. At least 21 isolates from 13 states associated with these outbreaks on golf courses were confirmed as A. avenae subsp. avenae by pathogenicity assays and 16S rDNA sequence analysis at two independent locations. Pathogenicity testing of bacterial isolates from creeping bentgrass samples exhibiting heavy bacterial streaming confirmed A. avenae subsp. avenae as the only bacterium to cause significant disease symptoms and turfgrass decline. Host range inoculations revealed isolates of A. avenae subsp. avenae to be pathogenic on all Agrostis stolonifera cultivars tested, with slight but significant differences in disease severity on particular cultivars. Other turfgrass hosts tested were only mildly susceptible to Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae infection. This study initiated research on A. avenae subsp. avenae pathogenicity causing a previously uncharacterized disease of creeping bentgrass putting greens in the United States.
燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种引起的细菌性黄化和衰退是美国凉爽和温暖地区之间草坪草种植独特区域——过渡带及其周边匍匐翦股颖（Agrostis stolonifera）的一种新出现病害。据推测，该病已存在多年，尽管直到2010年才报道首次发病的诊断情况。2010年和2011年从高尔夫球场采集样本，以调查燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种在匍匐翦股颖上的流行情况和传播情况。通过致病性测定和在两个独立地点进行的16S rDNA序列分析，至少从与高尔夫球场这些疫情相关的13个州分离出的21个菌株被确认为燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种。对表现出大量细菌流的匍匐翦股颖样本中的细菌分离物进行致病性测试，证实燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种是唯一能引起显著病害症状和草坪草衰退的细菌。寄主范围接种试验表明，燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种的分离物对所有测试的匍匐翦股颖品种都具有致病性，在特定品种上病害严重程度存在轻微但显著的差异。测试的其他草坪草寄主对燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种感染仅轻度敏感。本研究启动了对燕麦嗜酸菌燕麦亚种致病性的研究，该病菌在美国导致了一种此前未被描述的匍匐翦股颖果岭病害。
