Parveen Bushra, Parveen Abida, Vohora Divya
Department of Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New-Delhi-10062, India.
Department of Clinical Research, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New-Delhi-10062, India.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19(7):895-912. doi: 10.2174/1871530319666190204165207.
Osteoporosis, characterized by compromised bone quality and strength is associated with bone fragility and fracture risk. Biomarkers are crucial for the diagnosis or prognosis of a disease as well as elucidating the mechanism of drug action and improve decision making.
An exhaustive description of traditional markers including bone mineral density, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, along with potential markers such as microarchitectural determination, trabecular bone score, osteocalcin, etc. is provided in the current piece of work. This review provides insight into novel pathways such as the Wnt signaling pathway, neuro-osseous control, adipogenic hormonal imbalance, gut-bone axis, genetic markers and the role of inflammation that has been recently implicated in osteoporosis.
We extensively reviewed articles from the following databases: PubMed, Medline and Science direct. The primary search was conducted using a combination of the following keywords: osteoporosis, bone, biomarkers, bone turnover markers, diagnosis, density, architecture, genetics, inflammation.
Early diagnosis and intervention delay the development of disease and improve treatment outcome. Therefore, probing for novel biomarkers that are able to recognize people at high risk for developing osteoporosis is an effective way to improve the quality of life of patients and to understand the pathomechanism of the disease in a better way.
骨质疏松症以骨质和强度受损为特征，与骨脆性和骨折风险相关。生物标志物对于疾病的诊断或预后以及阐明药物作用机制和改善决策至关重要。
在当前这项工作中，对包括骨密度、维生素D、碱性磷酸酶等传统标志物以及诸如微结构测定、骨小梁评分、骨钙素等潜在标志物进行了详尽描述。本综述深入探讨了诸如Wnt信号通路、神经-骨控制、脂肪生成激素失衡、肠-骨轴、遗传标志物以及最近被认为与骨质疏松症有关的炎症作用等新途径。
我们广泛查阅了来自以下数据库的文章：PubMed、Medline和Science direct。主要检索使用了以下关键词的组合：骨质疏松症、骨、生物标志物、骨转换标志物、诊断、密度、结构、遗传学、炎症。
早期诊断和干预可延缓疾病发展并改善治疗效果。因此，探寻能够识别骨质疏松症高风险人群的新型生物标志物是提高患者生活质量并更好地理解疾病发病机制的有效途径。
