儿童营养不足的社会经济不平等趋势：来自尼日利亚人口与健康调查（2003-2013 年）的证据。
Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in child undernutrition: Evidence from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2003 - 2013).
机构信息
School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 7;14(2):e0211883. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211883. eCollection 2019.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine the trend in socioeconomic inequalities in child undernutrition in Nigeria.
METHODS
The study analysed cross-sectional data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2003 to 2013. The outcome variables were stunting, wasting and underweight among children under-five years. The magnitude of child undernutrition in Nigeria was estimated via a concentration index, and the socioeconomic factors contributing to child undernutrition over time were determined using the decomposition method.
RESULTS
The concentration index showed an increase in childhood wasting and underweight in Nigeria over time. The socioeconomic factors contributing to the increase in child undernutrition were: child's age (0-23 months), maternal education (no education), household wealth index (poorest household), type of residence (rural) and geopolitical zone (North East, North West).
CONCLUSIONS
To address child undernutrition, there is a need to improve maternal education and adopt effective social protection policies especially in rural communities in Nigeria.
摘要
目的
本研究旨在考察尼日利亚儿童营养不足的社会经济不平等趋势。
方法
本研究分析了 2003 年至 2013 年尼日利亚人口与健康调查（NDHS）的横断面数据。结局变量为五岁以下儿童的发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足。通过集中指数估计了尼日利亚儿童营养不足的程度，并使用分解法确定了随时间推移导致儿童营养不足的社会经济因素。
结果
集中指数显示，尼日利亚儿童消瘦和体重不足的情况随时间推移而增加。导致儿童营养不足增加的社会经济因素包括：儿童年龄（0-23 个月）、母亲教育程度（未受教育）、家庭财富指数（最贫困家庭）、居住类型（农村）和地缘政治区域（东北部、西北部）。
结论
为了解决儿童营养不足问题，需要提高母亲的教育水平，并采取有效的社会保护政策，特别是在尼日利亚的农村社区。
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