MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Apr;247:832-838. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.036. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
Ninety-eight soil samples were collected from farmland soils from Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei core area, Northern China, where agricultural lands were subjected to contamination from intense urban and industrial activities. Twelve organophosphates flame retardants (OPFRs) were analyzed with total soil concentrations ranging from 0.543 μg/kg to 54.9 μg/kg. Chlorinated OPFRs were dominating at mean level of 3.64 μg/kg and Tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate contributed the most (mean 3.36 ± 5.61 μg/kg, 98.0%). Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate was fully detected at levels of 0.041-1.95 μg/kg. Generally, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate and triphenyl phosphate contributed the most to alkyl- (53.6%) and aryl-OPFRs (54.3%), respectively. The levels of ∑OPFRs close to the core urban areas were significantly higher than those from background sites. The occurrence and fate of OPFRs in soil were significantly associated with total organic carbon content and mostly with fine soil particles (<0.005 mm), and a transfer potential from the atmosphere was predicted with logK values. Comparable soil levels with poly brominated diphenyl ethers s in other studies suggested that the contamination of OPFRs occurred in farmland soil with an increasing trend but currently showed no significant environmental risk based on risk quotient estimation (<1). This investigation warrants further study on behaviors of OPFRs in a soil system and a continual monitoring for their risk assessment.
从中国北方京津冀核心区的农田土壤中采集了 98 个土壤样本，这些农田受到了强烈的城市和工业活动的污染。分析了 12 种有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs），总土壤浓度范围为 0.543μg/kg 至 54.9μg/kg。含氯 OPFRs 占主导地位，平均浓度为 3.64μg/kg，三（2-氯异丙基）磷酸酯的贡献最大（平均 3.36±5.61μg/kg，98.0%）。三（2-乙基己基）磷酸酯的检出浓度为 0.041-1.95μg/kg。一般来说，三（2-丁氧基乙基）磷酸酯和三苯基磷酸酯分别对烷基（53.6%）和芳基（54.3%）OPFRs 的贡献最大。靠近核心城区的土壤中∑OPFRs 水平显著高于背景点。OPFRs 在土壤中的存在和归宿与总有机碳含量密切相关，与细颗粒（<0.005mm）关系最大，根据 logK 值预测了从大气向土壤转移的潜力。与其他研究中多溴二苯醚的土壤水平相当，这表明 OPFRs 污染已发生在农田土壤中，并呈上升趋势，但目前根据风险商估计（<1），并未显示出显著的环境风险。这项调查需要进一步研究 OPFRs 在土壤系统中的行为，并对其进行持续监测以进行风险评估。
