Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Vaccine Research Center - NIAID - NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2019 Feb;16(1):96-104. doi: 10.1007/s11904-019-00428-7.
In addition to preventive protocols and antiretroviral therapy, HIV-1 eradication has been considered as an additional strategy to help fight the AIDS epidemic. With the support of multiple funding agencies, research groups worldwide have been developing protocols to achieve either a sterilizing or a functional cure for HIV-infection.
Most of the studies focus on the elimination or suppression of circulating CD4+ T cells, the best characterized HIV-1 latent reservoir. The role of the central nervous system (CNS) as a latent reservoir is still controversial. Although brain macrophages and astrocytes are susceptible to HIV-1 infection, it has not been ascertained whether the CNS carries latent HIV-1 during cART and, if so, whether the virus can be reactivated and spread to other compartments after ART interruption. Here, we examine the implications of HIV-1 eradication strategies on the CNS, regardless of whether it is a true latent reservoir and, if so, whether it is present in all patients.
目的综述：除了预防方案和抗逆转录病毒疗法之外，HIV-1 的根除也被认为是帮助对抗艾滋病流行的一种额外策略。在多个资助机构的支持下，全球研究小组一直在制定方案，以实现 HIV 感染的根治或功能性治愈。
最近发现：大多数研究集中在消除或抑制循环 CD4+T 细胞上，这是 HIV-1 潜伏库中最好的特征。中枢神经系统（CNS）作为潜伏库的作用仍存在争议。尽管脑巨噬细胞和星形胶质细胞易受 HIV-1 感染，但尚不确定在 cART 期间中枢神经系统是否携带潜伏的 HIV-1，如果是，病毒在 ART 中断后是否可以被重新激活并传播到其他部位。在这里，我们研究了 HIV-1 根除策略对中枢神经系统的影响，无论中枢神经系统是否是真正的潜伏库，以及如果是，是否存在于所有患者中。
