García-Sánchez Francisco José, Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente, Rodríguez-Martín Beatriz
Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2019 Sep;33(3):592-599. doi: 10.1111/scs.12652. Epub 2019 Feb 8.
Pressure ulcers represent an important worldwide public health problem, which substantially decrease the quality of life of those affected. Yet, few studies to date have analysed the perceptions regarding home care for pressure ulcers.
To explore the conceptualisations regarding home care of pressure ulcers from the perspective of affected patients and their caregivers.
A qualitative study design based on Grounded Theory. In-depth interviews were conducted on a theoretical sample of 10 people currently suffering from a pressure ulcer, or who had experienced one in the past, and 15 caregivers of patients who had suffered from this pathology, all of whom came from the four health districts of Puertollano (Ciudad Real, Spain).
Two categories emerged to explain the conceptualisations regarding pressure ulcers: (a) Cause of the pressure ulcer with three subcategories (unavoidable injuries, caregiver's lack of knowledge and painful wounds) and (b) Preferences regarding caring for pressure ulcers with two subcategories (home care as the best approach to treatment and noninstitutionalisation).
This research provides a novel perspective on the specific problems surrounding home care for pressure ulcers, including the perceptions of both patients and their caregivers. It is important to give a voice to patients and their caregivers as this will help understand their needs and improve the care provided. Further studies are required to improve current treatment protocols and clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of this pathology.
压疮是一个全球性的重要公共卫生问题，严重降低了患者的生活质量。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究分析关于压疮居家护理的认知情况。
从受影响患者及其照护者的角度探讨压疮居家护理的概念。
基于扎根理论的定性研究设计。对10名目前患有压疮或过去曾患过压疮的患者以及15名患有这种疾病患者的照护者进行了深入访谈，他们均来自普埃托利亚诺（西班牙雷阿尔城）的四个卫生区。
出现了两类来解释关于压疮的概念：（a）压疮的成因，包括三个子类别（不可避免的损伤、照护者知识欠缺和伤口疼痛）；（b）压疮护理的偏好，包括两个子类别（居家护理是最佳治疗方法和非机构化）。
本研究为压疮居家护理的具体问题提供了新的视角，包括患者及其照护者的认知。倾听患者及其照护者的声音很重要，因为这有助于了解他们的需求并改善所提供的护理。需要进一步的研究来改进当前预防和治疗这种疾病的治疗方案和临床实践指南。
