Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2019 Mar;192:131-140. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.01.012. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
Photothermal therapy is achieving ever-increasing attention as a promising method for killing cancer cells. Although, gold nanoparticles are regarded as one of the most effective photothermal therapy agents, the mechanisms underlying their action have to be addressed. Moreover, studies have showed that gold nanoparticles induce apoptosis in treated cultures. Hence, in this study, we investigated the interaction of folic acid functionalized gold nanoparticles and gold-shelled FeO nanoparticles with microtubule and microtubule associated protein tau in order to introduce intracellular targets of these nanoparticles and provide a holistic view about the mechanism of action of gold nanoparticles used in photothermal therapy. Various spectroscopic methods were used to find gold nanoparticles interaction with Tubulin and Tau. Our results indicated that these gold nanoparticles interact with both Tau and Tubulin and their affinity increases as temperature rises. Also, the results illustrated that quenching mechanism for gold nanoparticles interaction with Tubulin and Tau was static. The hydrophobic interaction was determined as driving force for gold nanoparticles binding to Tubulin and Tau. Moreover, it was showed that both type of gold nanoparticles stabilize microtubule polymers. These results suggest Tau and Tubulin as intracellular target of gold nanoparticles and propose that microtubule network is at the heart of apoptosis mechanisms initiated by photothermal therapy.
光热疗法作为一种有前途的杀死癌细胞的方法，受到越来越多的关注。虽然金纳米粒子被认为是最有效的光热治疗剂之一，但仍需要研究其作用机制。此外，研究表明金纳米粒子诱导处理培养物中的细胞凋亡。因此，在这项研究中，我们研究了叶酸功能化金纳米粒子和金壳 FeO 纳米粒子与微管和微管相关蛋白 Tau 的相互作用，以引入这些纳米粒子的细胞内靶点，并提供光热疗法中金纳米粒子作用机制的整体观点。使用各种光谱方法来研究金纳米粒子与微管蛋白和 Tau 的相互作用。我们的结果表明，这些金纳米粒子与 Tau 和微管蛋白相互作用，并且随着温度的升高其亲和力增加。此外，结果表明金纳米粒子与微管蛋白和 Tau 的相互作用的猝灭机制为静态。疏水相互作用被确定为金纳米粒子与微管蛋白和 Tau 结合的驱动力。此外，结果表明这两种类型的金纳米粒子都稳定了微管聚合物。这些结果表明 Tau 和微管蛋白是金纳米粒子的细胞内靶点，并提出微管网络是光热疗法引发细胞凋亡机制的核心。
