特立尼达和多巴哥3至5岁儿童的早期儿童龋病
Early Childhood Caries in 3 to 5 Year Old Children in Trinidad and Tobago.
作者信息
Percival Tricia, Edwards Julien, Barclay Salvacion, Sa Bidyadhar, Majumder Md Anwarul Azim
机构信息
School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus BB11000, Barbados.
出版信息
Dent J (Basel). 2019 Feb 7;7(1):16. doi: 10.3390/dj7010016.
BACKGROUND
This study was done to evaluate the prevalence and contributory factors of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC) among preschool children of Kindergartens and Early Childhood Centres in Trinidad and Tobago.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 342 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years. The school staff distributed a structured questionnaire to the children to be completed by the mother. Clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated examiners. Statistical significance was set at < 0.05 in all analyses.
RESULTS
The prevalence of ECC and S-ECC was 50.3% and 52.3%, respectively. Dietary and oral hygiene factors particularly with bottle feeding and high plaque levels were major contributors to dental caries in this population.
CONCLUSION
ECC and S-ECC are significant issues that occur in preschool children in Trinidad and Tobago. The development of ECC and S-ECC can be attributed to certain environmental factors like dietary habits and oral hygiene practices. Early dental assessment, broad-based oral health education programmes, increased parental/guardian engagement during oral hygiene practices and greater access to facilities for early childhood caries prevention and management can help alleviate the problems of ECC and S-ECC in this population.
背景
本研究旨在评估特立尼达和多巴哥幼儿园及幼儿中心学龄前儿童的早期儿童龋（ECC）和重度早期儿童龋（S-ECC）的患病率及相关因素。
方法
开展了一项横断面研究，纳入342名3至5岁的学龄前儿童。学校工作人员向孩子们发放了一份结构化问卷，由母亲填写。由经过校准的检查人员进行临床检查。所有分析的统计学显著性设定为<0.05。
结果
ECC和S-ECC的患病率分别为50.3%和52.3%。饮食和口腔卫生因素，特别是奶瓶喂养和高菌斑水平，是该人群龋齿的主要促成因素。
结论
ECC和S-ECC是特立尼达和多巴哥学龄前儿童中存在的重要问题。ECC和S-ECC的发生可归因于某些环境因素，如饮食习惯和口腔卫生习惯。早期牙齿评估、广泛的口腔健康教育计划、在口腔卫生实践中增加父母/监护人的参与度以及增加获得早期儿童龋预防和管理设施的机会，有助于缓解该人群中ECC和S-ECC的问题。
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