心理健康服务提供者对采用循证干预措施的态度：与工作场所、员工角色以及工作中的社会和心理因素的关系。
Attitudes of mental health providers towards adoption of evidence-based interventions: relationship to workplace, staff roles and social and psychological factors at work.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of General Psychiatry and Addiction, University Hospital of North Norway, N-9038, Tromsø, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Feb 8;19(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-3933-4.
BACKGROUND
Gaining insight into factors influencing the adoption of evidence-based interventions (EBI) is essential to ensuring their sustainability in the mental healthcare setting. This article describes 1) differences between professional staff roles in attitudes towards EBI and 2) individual and organizational predictors of attitudes towards adopting EBI.
METHODS
The participants were psychologists and psychiatric nurses (N = 792). Student t-tests were used to investigate group differences of global attitude scores on the Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale-36 (EBPAS-36). A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the EBPAS-36 measurement model, and a principal component analysis (PCA) of the factor scores were used to obtain attitudinal components for the subsequent hierarchical regression analyses.
RESULTS
Three second-order attitudinal components were retained and named: professional concern, attitudes related to work conditions and requirements, and attitudes related to fit and preferences. Nurses' global attitudinal scores were more positive than those of psychologists, while clinicians had less positive global attitudinal scores than non-clinicians. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that provider demographic, social and psychological factors in the workplace and staff role predicted attitudes towards adopting EBI, e.g. male gender, older age and working in private practice predicted more negative global attitudes, while working in academia, experiencing social support from colleagues and empowering leadership predicted more positive global attitudes to adopt EBI. The prediction outcomes for the specific attitudinal components are presented, as well.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that implementation efforts may benefit from being tailored to the different needs and values of the affected professionals, including the role of the context they operate within. Implications with a special emphasis on training efforts and organizational development are discussed.
背景
深入了解影响采用循证干预措施（EBI）的因素对于确保它们在精神卫生保健环境中的可持续性至关重要。本文描述了 1）专业人员在对 EBI 的态度方面的角色差异，以及 2）对采用 EBI 的态度的个体和组织预测因素。
方法
参与者为心理学家和精神科护士（N=792）。使用学生 t 检验来调查 Evidence-based Practice Attitude Scale-36（EBPAS-36）的总体态度得分的组间差异。对 EBPAS-36 测量模型进行验证性因素分析（CFA），并对因子得分进行主成分分析（PCA），以获得后续分层回归分析的态度成分。
结果
保留了三个二阶态度成分，并将其命名为：专业关注、与工作条件和要求相关的态度以及与适合性和偏好相关的态度。护士的总体态度得分比心理学家更积极，而临床医生的总体态度得分比非临床医生更消极。分层回归分析表明，提供者的人口统计学、社会和心理因素在工作场所和员工角色预测了对采用 EBI 的态度，例如，男性、年龄较大和在私人执业中工作预测了更消极的总体态度，而在学术界工作、从同事那里获得社会支持和赋权领导则预测了更积极的总体态度。还介绍了特定态度成分的预测结果。
结论
研究结果表明，实施工作可能受益于针对受影响专业人员的不同需求和价值观进行调整，包括他们所处的环境的角色。讨论了特别强调培训工作和组织发展的影响。
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