University of Surrey.
University College London.
Child Dev. 2019 Sep;90(5):e565-e583. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13220. Epub 2019 Feb 9.
The causal role of speed of processing (SOP) in developmental language disorder (DLD) is unclear given that SOP has been implicated in other neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This study investigated associations between SOP, language, and inattention/hyperactivity in a U.K. epidemiological cohort (N = 528). Monolingual children from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds were assessed longitudinally; at ages 5-6 (2012/2013) and 7-8 years (2014/2015). Persistent weaknesses in SOP characterized children with DLD but did not predict language longitudinally. Ratings of inattention/hyperactivity moderated the association between SOP and language, indicating that SOP deficits are particularly detrimental for language when coupled with poor attention/hyperactivity. SOP may be a shared risk factor for DLD and inattention/hyperactivity or a general marker of neurodevelopmental disorder.
由于加工速度（SOP）在其他神经发育障碍（如注意力缺陷/多动障碍）中也有涉及，因此其在发育性语言障碍（DLD）中的因果作用尚不清楚。本研究在英国的一项流行病学队列中（N=528）调查了 SOP、语言和注意力不集中/多动之间的关联。研究对象为来自不同社会经济背景的单语儿童，进行了纵向评估；在 5-6 岁（2012/2013 年）和 7-8 岁（2014/2015 年）。具有 DLD 的儿童表现出持续的 SOP 弱点，但不能预测语言的纵向发展。注意力不集中/多动的评分调节了 SOP 和语言之间的关系，表明当 SOP 缺陷与注意力不集中/多动问题相结合时，对语言的影响特别大。SOP 可能是 DLD 和注意力不集中/多动的共同风险因素，或者是神经发育障碍的一般标志物。
