Department of Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Aging Ment Health. 2020 Jul;24(7):1088-1097. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1566814. Epub 2019 Feb 10.
Despite the importance of resilience in well-being and adaptation to the role of caregiver in non-professional caregivers, research on resilience in this population has been scarce and contradictory, and has methodological limitations. The objective of this study was to identify subgroups of caregivers with high levels of resilience based on a series of predictors including sociodemographic variables and variables related to care and personal and social development. 294 non-professional caregivers (89.8% women) with a mean age of 55.3 years (SD = 10.9) were randomly selected. Trained evaluators collected the sociodemographic variables of the person in care and the caregiver and on the care situation, self-esteem, social support, emotional distress and resilience. The Classification Tree Analysis (CTA) showed that self-esteem was the main predictor of high resilience. Additional predictors were: (1) for those with high self-esteem, longer duration of care; (2) for those with low self-esteem, less emotional distress; (3) for those with less emotional distress, shorter duration of care. The results offer guidelines for developing programs to promote high resilience.
尽管韧性在幸福感和适应非专业护理人员角色方面很重要，但针对该人群的韧性研究却很少且存在矛盾，并且存在方法学上的局限性。本研究的目的是根据一系列预测因素（包括社会人口统计学变量以及与护理、个人和社会发展相关的变量），确定具有高韧性的护理人员亚组。随机选择了 294 名非专业护理人员（89.8%为女性），平均年龄为 55.3 岁（标准差=10.9）。经过培训的评估人员收集了被护理者和护理者的社会人口统计学变量，以及护理情况、自尊、社会支持、情绪困扰和韧性。分类树分析（CTA）表明，自尊是高韧性的主要预测因素。其他预测因素包括：（1）对于那些自尊心高的人，护理时间较长；（2）对于自尊心低的人，情绪困扰较少；（3）对于情绪困扰较少的人，护理时间较短。研究结果为制定促进高韧性的方案提供了指导。
