School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, 61 University Drive, Logan, QLD 4114, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; Retrieval Services Queensland, Aeromedical Retrieval and Disaster Management Branch, Queensland Health, Level 7, 33 Charlotte Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, 61 University Drive, Logan, QLD 4114, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
Nurse Educ Today. 2019 May;76:8-20. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.01.022. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
New graduate nurses undertaking transition to practice encounter enormous challenges in their first year, and this is expounded in rural and remote locations. In rural and remote settings where geographical isolation and inadequate resources impact health care delivery, there is a perceived shortage of support systems to assist new graduate nurses to transition smoothly, with reported negative effects for all staff and on recruitment and retention.
To investigate what transition support was reported for new graduate nurses to function effectively in rural and remote settings.
A study protocol was developed using principles for scoping reviews that have been developed over the past fifteen years.
CINAHL, Medline, Proquest, Embase, Informit, PubMed, and Science Direct were systematically searched according to a predetermined search strategy.
Search terms included New Graduate AND Rural OR Remote AND Education. Studies were selected according to an inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three reviewers were involved in independent screening of articles. The degree of agreement for an article to be included was based on a Kappa score calculation for inter-rater reliability.
Of the 662 articles searched, 13 met the inclusion criteria and their findings synthesised to form this review. Three overarching themes (and a number of subthemes) were identified within the context of rural and remote nursing workforce development, and included: new graduates' support needs, multifaceted support strategies and recruitment and retention strategies.
Challenges faced by new graduate nurses when transitioning to practice are exacerbated in most rural and remote settings due to resourcing, lack of structured support programs, lack of training for support staff to mentor and give feedback and this impacts on recruitment and retention as well. Structured, well supported transition programs that provide flexible support are urgently required in these settings.
新毕业的护士在第一年过渡到实践中会遇到巨大的挑战，这在农村和偏远地区更是如此。在地理隔离和资源不足影响医疗服务提供的农村和偏远地区，人们认为缺乏支持系统来帮助新毕业的护士顺利过渡，这对所有员工以及招聘和留用都有负面影响。
调查为在农村和偏远地区有效工作的新毕业护士提供了哪些过渡支持。
使用过去十五年中制定的范围综述原则制定了研究方案。
根据预先确定的搜索策略，系统地搜索了 CINAHL、Medline、Proquest、Embase、Informat、PubMed 和 Science Direct。
搜索词包括新毕业生和农村或偏远地区和教育。根据纳入和排除标准选择研究。三名审查员参与了独立的文章筛选。文章纳入的一致性程度基于 Kappa 评分计算的评分者间可靠性。
在搜索的 662 篇文章中，有 13 篇符合纳入标准，其研究结果综合形成了这篇综述。在农村和偏远地区护理劳动力发展的背景下，确定了三个总体主题（和一些子主题），包括：新毕业生的支持需求、多方面的支持策略以及招聘和留用策略。
由于资源、缺乏结构化的支持计划、支持人员缺乏培训以指导和提供反馈，新毕业护士在过渡到实践中面临的挑战在大多数农村和偏远地区更加严重，这也对招聘和留用产生了影响。在这些环境中迫切需要有结构化的、有充分支持的过渡计划，提供灵活的支持。
