School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Dec;30(23-24):3466-3480. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15849. Epub 2021 May 16.
To determine whether the current rural graduate programmes in Western Australia adequately support new graduate nurses transitioning into practice.
Graduate nurse's transition to employment is a time of significant change and challenge, often resulting in periods of transition shock. These challenges are magnified in rural areas where graduates have to relocate to commence their career with limited rural nursing experience. Graduate programmes were developed to smooth the transition for university trained bachelor's degree registered nurses into the workforce. Supportive graduate nursing programmes are essential for enabling transition to practice and reduce attrition rates.
Longitudinal convergent mixed method parallel design was informed by Duchscher's transition stage model.
Thematic analysis was applied to all interviews. COREQ checklist was completed. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyse the survey responses.
New graduates cycled through both transition shock and honeymoon periods on commencement of employment, reporting high levels of satisfaction in simultaneity with signs of transition shock. Satisfaction dropped within 7 months indicating a transition crisis before an adjustment period occurred at the end of their graduate year. Limited resources were highlighted as obstacles to providing adequate support to rural graduate nurses.
The honeymoon stage of transition co-existed with transition shock at the commencement of graduate programmes, which may obscure the need for continuing adequate support. Inadequate and/or a lack of preceptorship was evident throughout the Western Australian rural graduate programmes. Graduate programmes need to be structured but flexible to allow for individual differences in graduates' and clinical contexts.
Structured but flexible graduate programmes allow for individual differences in graduates and clinical situations. New graduate nurses would benefit from a break midway through their graduate year to assist and overcome the transition crisis stage. Education of nurses undertaking the preceptor role is required to deliver adequate support to graduate nurses and decrease transition shock.
确定西澳大利亚州目前的农村毕业生计划是否足以支持新毕业护士过渡到实践中。
毕业生过渡到就业是一个变化和挑战的重要时期，通常会导致过渡震荡期。在农村地区，这些挑战更加突出，因为毕业生必须搬迁才能开始职业生涯，而且他们的农村护理经验有限。研究生课程旨在为接受过大学培训的学士学位注册护士顺利过渡到劳动力队伍提供支持。支持性研究生护理计划对于促进过渡到实践和降低离职率至关重要。
纵向收敛混合方法平行设计以 Duchscher 的过渡阶段模型为依据。
对所有访谈进行主题分析。完成了 COREQ 清单。使用描述性统计和内容分析来分析调查回复。
新毕业生在开始就业时经历了过渡震荡和蜜月期，报告说在同时感到非常满意的同时，也出现了过渡震荡的迹象。在 7 个月内满意度下降，表明在毕业年结束时进入调整期之前，出现了过渡危机。有限的资源被强调为向农村研究生护士提供足够支持的障碍。
在研究生课程开始时，过渡的蜜月阶段与过渡震荡同时存在，这可能掩盖了继续提供足够支持的必要性。在整个西澳大利亚农村研究生课程中，都存在不足和/或缺乏监督的情况。研究生课程需要结构化但灵活，以适应毕业生和临床环境的个体差异。
结构化但灵活的研究生课程允许毕业生和临床情况存在个体差异。新毕业护士将受益于在研究生年中途休息一次，以帮助和克服过渡危机阶段。需要对担任导师角色的护士进行教育，以向研究生护士提供足够的支持并减少过渡震荡。
