Anil Om Murti, Yadav Randhir Sagar, Shrestha Nitesh, Koirala Sachit, Shrestha Shumneva, Nikhil Om Murti, Baidar Manisha, Chaudhary Nabin, Jaishwal Chandni, Yadav Navin Sagar, Mahara Aabhushan Bikram, Jha Roshan Kumar, Poudyal Amod Kumar
Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2019 Jan 28;16(41):438-445.
Cardiovascular diseases account for most deaths and major proportion of disabilities worldwide. Major cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in almost 75% of cardiovascular diseases. There has been a rapid increase in prevalence of such risk factors in apparently healthy young adults of urban population. This study aimed to find prevalence of such risk factors in order to implement preventive strategies against cardiovascular diseases in our setting.
A free heart camp was organized following wide dissemination of information through print, online, TV, radio and social media. Pretested data collection tool was used by trained enumerators using standard guidelines and calibrated devices. Demographic, anthropometric, physical examination and blood investigation data were obtained. Standard guidelines were followed to define and categorize the obtained information. Data was analyzed using SPSS V20.
A total of 5530 participants were enrolled after carefully applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Mean age of study population was 38.14±13.03 years. There were 3298 (59.6%) males with mean age of 37.67±12.99 years and 2232 (40.4%) females with mean age of 38.84±13.05 years. Majority of study population (29.6%) belonged to 30-39 years age group. Prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption was 29.3%(95%CI:28.1-30.5) and 32.7%(95%CI:31.5-34.) respectively. Prevalence of inadequate fruits and vegetables intake, low physical activity and overweight or obesity was 75.4%(95%CI:74.3-76.6), 61.1%(95%CI:59.8-62.4) and 41.3%(95%CI:40.0-42.6) respectively. Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was 26.4%(95%CI:25.3-27.6), 5.3%(95%CI:4.7-5.9) and 86.9%(95%CI:85.9-87.7) respectively. These results were statistically significant in both age and sex based distribution.
Prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy adult population of Kathmandu Valley was high. Dyslipidemia, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and overweight or obesity were most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors.
心血管疾病是全球大多数死亡和主要残疾的原因。几乎75%的心血管疾病都与主要心血管危险因素有关。在城市地区看似健康的年轻成年人中，这些危险因素的患病率迅速上升。本研究旨在找出这些危险因素的患病率，以便在我们的环境中实施预防心血管疾病的策略。
通过印刷品、网络、电视、广播和社交媒体广泛传播信息后，组织了一次免费心脏检查活动。经过培训的调查员使用经过预测试的数据收集工具，按照标准指南和校准设备进行操作。获取了人口统计学、人体测量学、体格检查和血液检查数据。遵循标准指南对所获得的信息进行定义和分类。使用SPSS V20对数据进行分析。
在仔细应用纳入和排除标准后，共招募了5530名参与者。研究人群的平均年龄为38.14±13.03岁。男性有3298人（59.6%），平均年龄为37.67±12.99岁；女性有2232人（40.4%），平均年龄为38.84±13.05岁。研究人群中大多数（29.6%）属于30 - 39岁年龄组。烟草和酒精消费的患病率分别为29.3%（95%CI：28.1 - 30.5）和32.7%（95%CI：31.5 - 34.）。水果和蔬菜摄入不足、身体活动不足以及超重或肥胖的患病率分别为75.4%（95%CI：74.3 - 76.6）、61.1%（95%CI：59.8 - 62.4）和41.3%（95%CI：40.0 - 42.6）。高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的患病率分别为26.4%（95%CI：25.3 - 27.6）、5.3%（95%CI：4.7 - 5.9）和86.9%（95%CI：85.9 - 87.7）。这些结果在基于年龄和性别的分布中均具有统计学意义。
加德满都谷地看似健康的成年人群中主要心血管危险因素的患病率很高。血脂异常、不健康饮食、身体活动不足以及超重或肥胖是最普遍的心血管危险因素。
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