Dhungana Raja Ram, Thapa Puspa, Devkota Surya, Banik Palash Chandra, Gurung Yadav, Mumu Shirin Jahan, Shayami Arun, Ali Liaquat
Nepal Family Development Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ministy of Health, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Indian Heart J. 2018 Dec;70 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S20-S27. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Mar 10.
As a low-income country, Nepal is experiencing cardiovascular diseases as an emerging health problem. However, studies are lacking on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in peri-urban communities; where the socio-demographical transition is in progress. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of cardiovascular disease risk factors in one of the peri-urban communities in Kathmandu, Nepal.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in Sitapaila Village Development Committee, Kathmandu from February 2014 to February 2015. Altogether, 347 adults from 18 to 70 years of age were selected randomly. Data were collected through modified WHO STEPS questionnaire for non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors survey and analyzed in SPSS V.16.0 software.
Mean age of the participant was 42.5 ± 13.2 years. Majority of them were female (n = 206; 59.4%), one-third (34%) represented Brahman and Chetri, and over a quarter (29.1%) did not attend school. Cardiovascular disease risk factors included smoking (17.6%), alcohol consumption (29.4%), insufficient fruit and vegetables intake (98%), insufficient physical activity (21.0%), obesity (15.3%), hypertension (34.4%), diabetes (10.5%), and high triglyceride levels (10.8%). They were significantly associated with different socio-demographic characteristics: smoking with gender, age groups and education level; alcohol consumption was with gender, age groups, ethnicity and occupation; insufficient physical activity with gender, age groups and occupation; hypertension with gender, age groups, ethnicity, education level and occupation.
A high prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and their disproportional distribution among the study population indicated an inevitable risk of cardiovascular events in near future.
作为一个低收入国家，尼泊尔正面临心血管疾病这一新兴的健康问题。然而，关于城市周边社区心血管疾病危险因素的研究却很匮乏，而这些地区正处于社会人口结构转型过程中。因此，本研究旨在确定尼泊尔加德满都一个城市周边社区心血管疾病危险因素的患病率及其社会人口分布情况。
2014年2月至2015年2月，我们在加德满都的西塔帕伊拉村发展委员会开展了一项横断面研究。共随机选取了347名年龄在18至70岁之间的成年人。通过修改后的世界卫生组织非传染性疾病（NCD）危险因素调查的逐步问卷收集数据，并在SPSS V.16.0软件中进行分析。
参与者的平均年龄为42.5±13.2岁。其中大多数为女性（n = 206；59.4%），三分之一（34%）为婆罗门和切特里种姓，超过四分之一（29.1%）未上过学。心血管疾病危险因素包括吸烟（17.6%）、饮酒（29.4%）、水果和蔬菜摄入不足（98%）、身体活动不足（21.0%）、肥胖（15.3%）、高血压（34.4%）、糖尿病（10.5%）和高甘油三酯水平（10.8%）。它们与不同的社会人口特征显著相关：吸烟与性别、年龄组和教育水平有关；饮酒与性别、年龄组、种族和职业有关；身体活动不足与性别、年龄组和职业有关；高血压与性别、年龄组、种族、教育水平和职业有关。
心血管疾病危险因素的高患病率及其在研究人群中的不均衡分布表明，在不久的将来，心血管事件的风险不可避免。
