DuPont H L
University of Texas Medical School, Houston.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1988 Sep;2(3):599-605.
Shigella strains capable of producing illness possess a 140 megadalton plasmid that determines its property of epithelial cell penetration. In the classic presentation, there is a descending intestinal tract infection beginning with the passage of small numbers of large-volume stools and progressing to the passage of many small-volume stools that contain blood and mucus. Shigellae are efficiently transmitted to contacts in person-to-person spread and only 200 viable cells are sufficient to produce illness in susceptible persons. Shigellosis should be suspected in persons with severe diarrhea, in those with fever, when bloody stools are passed, or when stool smears contain many leukocytes. The current treatment of choice is TMP-SMX or, in adults, a quinolone (norfloxacin or ciprofloxacin).
能够引发疾病的志贺氏菌菌株拥有一个140兆道尔顿的质粒，该质粒决定了其穿透上皮细胞的特性。在典型症状中，肠道感染呈下行性发展，起初排出少量大量粪便，随后发展为排出许多含有血液和黏液的少量粪便。志贺氏菌通过人传人高效传播给接触者，仅200个活细胞就足以使易感人群患病。出现严重腹泻、发热、排血便或粪便涂片含有大量白细胞的人应怀疑感染了志贺氏菌病。目前的首选治疗药物是复方磺胺甲恶唑，成人则使用喹诺酮类药物（诺氟沙星或环丙沙星）。
