Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
Institut Català de la Salut, Catalunya, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 11;9(1):1772. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38874-3.
Gut microbiota has been suggested to affect lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to characterize the faecal microbiota signature and both short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BA) profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects. Microbiota composition, SCFAs, BA and blood lipid profile from male volunteers with hypercholesterolemia (HC) and normocholesterolemia (NC) were determined by 16S rDNA sequencing, HPLC, GC and NMR, respectively. HC subjects were characterized by having lower relative abundance of Anaeroplasma (0.002% vs 0.219%, p-value = 0.026) and Haemophilus (0.041% vs 0.078%, p-value = 0.049), and higher of Odoribacter (0.51% vs 0.16%; p-value = 0.044). Correlation analysis revealed that Anaeroplasma and Haemophilus were associated to an unfavourable lipid profile: they correlated negatively to cholesterol and triglycerides related biomarkers and the ratio total to high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and positively to HDL size. Odoribacter displayed an opposite behaviour. Faecal SCFAs profile revealed higher abundance of isobutyric (2.76% vs 0.82%, p-value = 0.049) and isovaleric acid (1.32% vs 0.06%, p-value = 0.016) in HC. Isobutyric acid correlated positively with Odoribacter and lipid parameters indicative of an unfavourable profile. BA profile did not show differences between groups. It was concluded that HC subjects showed a particular faecal bacterial signature and SCFAs profile associated with their lipid profile.
肠道微生物群被认为会影响脂质代谢。本研究的目的是描述高胆固醇血症患者的粪便微生物群特征以及短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和胆汁酸（BA）谱。通过 16S rDNA 测序、HPLC、GC 和 NMR 分别测定了男性高胆固醇血症（HC）和正常胆固醇血症（NC）志愿者的微生物群组成、SCFA、BA 和血脂谱。HC 组的特征为 Anaeroplasma（0.002% vs 0.219%，p 值=0.026）和 Haemophilus（0.041% vs 0.078%，p 值=0.049）的相对丰度较低，Odoribacter（0.51% vs 0.16%；p 值=0.044）的相对丰度较高。相关性分析显示，Anaeroplasma 和 Haemophilus 与不利的脂质谱相关：它们与胆固醇和甘油三酯相关生物标志物以及总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇的比值呈负相关，与 HDL 大小呈正相关。Odoribacter 表现出相反的行为。粪便 SCFA 谱显示 HC 组中异丁酸（2.76% vs 0.82%，p 值=0.049）和异戊酸（1.32% vs 0.06%，p 值=0.016）的丰度较高。异丁酸与 Odoribacter 和脂质参数呈正相关，表明脂质谱不佳。BA 谱在两组之间没有差异。结论是，HC 组表现出特定的粪便细菌特征和与脂质谱相关的 SCFA 谱。
