Morotti Andrea, Poli Loris, Costa Paolo
Stroke Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Clinica Neurologica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italia.
Semin Neurol. 2019 Feb;39(1):61-72. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1676992. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
Stroke remains one of the leading determinants of death and severe disability worldwide. It is a medical emergency with a narrow window for recognition and administration of outcome-modifying treatment in the emergency department. Ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of cerebrovascular events and revascularization therapies such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy are the mainstays of treatment in carefully selected patients. Intracerebral hemorrhage is less common but remains the deadliest type of stroke. Blood pressure reduction and hemostatic treatment in case of coagulopathy are the cornerstones of acute intracerebral hemorrhage treatment. Admission to dedicated stroke units is associated with improved outcome in patients suffering from acute stroke.
中风仍然是全球死亡和严重残疾的主要决定因素之一。它是一种医疗急症，在急诊科识别和给予改善预后治疗的时间窗很窄。缺血性中风占脑血管事件的大多数，对于精心挑选的患者，静脉溶栓和血管内取栓等血管再通疗法是主要的治疗手段。脑出血较少见，但仍然是最致命的中风类型。在存在凝血病的情况下降低血压和进行止血治疗是急性脑出血治疗的基石。入住专门的中风单元与急性中风患者预后改善相关。
