Culbreath A K, Tillman B L, Tubbs R S, Beasley J P, Kemerait R C, Brenneman T B
Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, The University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton 31793-0748.
Assistant Professor, Agronomy Department, The University of Florida, Marianna 32446.
Plant Dis. 2010 Jul;94(7):898-904. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-94-7-0898.
Field experiments were conducted at Gainesville and Marianna, FL in 2004 and 2005 in which severity of spotted wilt, caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus, and pod yield were compared in six peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars. The six cultivars included the moderately field resistant cultivars ANorden, C-99R, and Georgia Green; the highly field resistant cultivars AP-3 and DP-1; and the susceptible cultivar SunOleic 97R. There were four trials at each location, with four planting dates that ranged from late March to early June. Tomato spotted wilt severity in moderately resistant and susceptible cultivars was lower at Gainesville than at Marianna in both years in moderately resistant and susceptible cultivars. Trends in incidence for the two locations were less evident for AP-3 and DP-1. At Gainesville, there were few differences in tomato spotted wilt severity, and severity ratings were similar for Georgia Green and SunOleic 97R in two of four trials in 2004 and across all trials in 2005. At Marianna, severity ratings were lower for Georgia Green than for SunOleic 97R in six of the eight trials, and severity of tomato spotted wilt was lower for AP-3, C-99R, and DP-1 than for Georgia Green in all eight trials. In 2004, there was a trend toward decreasing severity ratings for Georgia Green and SunOleic 97R with later planting dates, but not for AP-3 or DP-1 at Marianna. Split-plot field experiments were also conducted at Tifton, GA in 2005 through 2007 in which incidence of tomato spotted wilt and pod yield were compared for peanut cultivars AP-3 and Georgia Green across planting dates ranging from late April through late May. Incidence of tomato spotted wilt was lower for AP-3 than for Georgia Green within each planting date of all years, and planting date effects were smaller in AP-3, if observed at all, than in Georgia Green. In most planting dates of all three trials, yields were higher for AP-3 than for Georgia Green. The relationships between yield and planting date were not consistent. These results indicate that the level of field resistance in AP-3 and DP-1 cultivars is sufficient to allow planting in late April without greatly increasing the risk of losses to tomato spotted wilt.
2004年和2005年在佛罗里达州的盖恩斯维尔和玛丽安娜进行了田间试验，比较了六个花生（落花生）品种中由番茄斑萎病毒引起的斑萎病严重程度和荚果产量。这六个品种包括中度田间抗性品种ANorden、C - 99R和佐治亚绿；高度田间抗性品种AP - 3和DP - 1；以及感病品种SunOleic 97R。每个地点进行了四项试验，种植日期从3月下旬到6月初不等。在这两年中，中度抗性和感病品种在盖恩斯维尔的番茄斑萎病严重程度均低于玛丽安娜。AP - 3和DP - 1在两个地点的发病率趋势不太明显。在盖恩斯维尔，番茄斑萎病严重程度差异不大，在2004年四项试验中的两项以及2005年所有试验中，佐治亚绿和SunOleic 97R的严重程度评级相似。在玛丽安娜，八项试验中的六项中佐治亚绿的严重程度评级低于SunOleic 97R，在所有八项试验中，AP - 3、C - 99R和DP - 1的番茄斑萎病严重程度低于佐治亚绿。2004年，佐治亚绿和SunOleic 97R的严重程度评级有随着种植日期推迟而降低的趋势，但在玛丽安娜，AP - 3或DP - 1没有这种趋势。2005年至2007年在佐治亚州的蒂夫顿也进行了裂区田间试验，比较了花生品种AP - 3和佐治亚绿在4月下旬至5月下旬不同种植日期的番茄斑萎病发病率和荚果产量。在所有年份的每个种植日期，AP - 3的番茄斑萎病发病率均低于佐治亚绿，并且如果观察到种植日期效应，AP - 3的效应比佐治亚绿小。在所有三项试验的大多数种植日期中，AP - 3的产量高于佐治亚绿。产量与种植日期之间的关系不一致。这些结果表明，AP - 3和DP - 1品种的田间抗性水平足以允许在4月下旬种植，而不会大幅增加因番茄斑萎病造成损失的风险。
