Henn H-J, Wingender R, Schnabl H
Institut für Landwirtschaftliche Botanik der Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 176, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Fax: +49-228-695168, , , , , , DE.
Plant Cell Rep. 1998 Dec;18(3-4):220-224. doi: 10.1007/s002990050560.
The use of interesting characteristics from wild Helianthus species in sunflower breeding is limited by poor crossability or sterility of interspecific hybrids. To overcome this barrier, mesophyll protoplasts of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum-resistant clones of Helianthus maximiliani, H. giganteus and H. nuttallii were fused with hypocotyl protoplasts of H. annuus in the presence of polyethyleneglycol and dimethylsulfoxide. Fusion products were embedded in agarose and subjected to a regeneration protocol developed for sunflower protoplasts. Organogenic calli were transferred onto solid medium and emerging shoots were elongated in the absence of plant growth regulators. Rooting of shoots was induced by a 1-naphthaleneacetic acid treatment and putative hybrid plants from fusions between H. annuus + H. maximiliani and H. annuus + H. giganteus were transferred into the greenhouse. All of them exhibited a hybrid phenotype with a high percentage of rhizome producing plants. Their hybrid origin was confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Plants flowered after 3-4 months and set seeds, of which 70-80% germinated.
野生向日葵物种中有趣特性在向日葵育种中的应用受到种间杂交亲和力差或不育的限制。为克服这一障碍，在聚乙二醇和二甲基亚砜存在的情况下，将大花向日葵、巨花向日葵和努氏向日葵的抗核盘菌克隆的叶肉原生质体与向日葵的下胚轴原生质体进行融合。融合产物包埋在琼脂糖中，并按照为向日葵原生质体开发的再生方案进行处理。将器官发生愈伤组织转移到固体培养基上，在无植物生长调节剂的情况下使长出的芽伸长。通过1-萘乙酸处理诱导芽生根，并将向日葵+大花向日葵和向日葵+巨花向日葵融合产生的推定杂种植物转移到温室中。所有植株均表现出杂种表型，且产生根茎的植株比例很高。通过随机扩增多态性DNA分析证实了它们的杂种起源。植株在3-4个月后开花并结籽，其中70-80%的种子发芽。
