Marchetti Anna, Piredda Michela, Facchinetti Gabriella, Virgolesi Michele, Garrino Lorenza, Dimonte Valerio, De Marinis Maria Grazia
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy (Drs Marchetti, Facchinetti, and Virgolesi); Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio Medico University, Rome, Italy (Dr Piredda and Ms De Marinis); and Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (Ms Garrino and Mr Dimonte).
Holist Nurs Pract. 2019 Mar/Apr;33(2):80-89. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000314.
As a practice, nursing centers on patients' bodies and how they live the experience of illness and disability through their bodies (embodiment). International nursing studies conducted on the topic of body care primarily include theoretical studies, whereas empirical studies remain sparse. The aim of this study was to describe nurses' perceptions of the role of their bodies and the bodies of patients during body care. This study used a descriptive phenomenological study based on Husserl's philosophical perspective. A purposive sample of 11 Italian registered nurses representing the highest level of nursing education, different clinical experience levels, and different clinical specialties were interviewed. Data were collected between July 2015 and September 2015. Open-ended interviews were analyzed using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological method. Lincoln and Guba's strategies were used to ensure the trustworthiness of the data. In addition to the overarching theme, "Body care is the heart of nursing," 4 major themes with 13 subthemes emerged from the data. The 4 major themes were as follows: (1) "Body care encompasses the essence of person"; (2) "Body care touches the heart of person"; (3) "The body generates opposite strategies of care"; and (4) "In time, the body 'nourishes' the helping relationship." Nurses considered body and embodiment concepts central to nursing. Body care is treated as an experience with extraordinary emotional contents, allowing nurses to discover the essentials of human nature.
在实践中，护理聚焦于患者的身体以及他们如何通过身体体验疾病和残疾（身体体现）。关于身体护理主题的国际护理研究主要包括理论研究，而实证研究仍然稀少。本研究的目的是描述护士在身体护理过程中对自身身体和患者身体作用的认知。本研究采用了基于胡塞尔哲学视角的描述性现象学研究方法。对11名意大利注册护士进行了目的抽样访谈，这些护士代表了最高水平的护理教育、不同的临床经验水平和不同的临床专业。数据收集于2015年7月至2015年9月之间。使用 Giorgi 的描述性现象学方法对开放式访谈进行分析。采用林肯和古巴的策略来确保数据的可信度。除了总体主题“身体护理是护理的核心”之外，数据还产生了4个主要主题和13个子主题。这4个主要主题如下：（1）“身体护理涵盖人的本质”；（2）“身体护理触动人心”；（3）“身体产生相反的护理策略”；（4）“随着时间的推移，身体‘滋养’帮助关系”。护士们认为身体和身体体现概念是护理的核心。身体护理被视为一种具有非凡情感内容的体验，使护士能够发现人性的本质。
