1st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Medical Faculty, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
J Hypertens. 2019 Jul;37(7):1350-1358. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002060.
To assess the impact of long-term exposure to aircraft noise on blood pressure (BP), prevalence of arterial hypertension, and indices of asymptomatic organ damage.
Using acoustic maps, we selected and further compared people living (average 35 years) in areas exposed to high, more than 60 dB (n = 101), and low aircraft noise, less than 55 dB (n = 100). Medical history taking, office BP measurement, ambulatory BP monitoring, and echocardiographic and arterial stiffness measurements were performed.
Exposure to aircraft noise did not increase the prevalence of arterial hypertension (50%, both groups) but was associated with higher office (88.3 ± 11.4 vs. 79.8 ± 8.6 mmHg, P < 0.001) and night-time DBP (66.6 ± 9.5 vs. 63.6 ± 7.3 mmHg, P < 0.01). Participants exposed to a high aircraft noise level had a higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (10.3 ± 1.8 vs. 9.4 ± 1.4 m/s, P < 0.01) and lower early mitral annulus velocity (e') (8.4 ± 2.9 vs. 9.2 ± 3.4 cm/s, P = 0.047). These differences were independent of age, sex, BMI, education, time spent at home, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and antihypertensive treatment. Higher office and night-time DBP, PWV, and e' values were explicitly observed in exposed normotensive participants. PWV in aircraft noise-exposed normotensive participants was equal to that of two decades older unexposed normotensive participants and was significantly associated with noise annoyance.
Long-term aircraft noise exposure is related to higher office and night-time DBP, more advanced arterial stiffness, and unfavourable left ventricle diastolic function changes. Accelerated arterial stiffening was observed in those exposed to aircraft noise, even normotensive participants, to a degree depending on noise annoyance.
评估长期暴露于飞机噪声对血压（BP）、动脉高血压患病率以及无症状器官损伤指标的影响。
我们使用声图选择并进一步比较了长期生活在高噪声区（超过 60 分贝，n=101）和低噪声区（低于 55 分贝，n=100）的人群。进行了病史询问、诊室血压测量、动态血压监测以及超声心动图和动脉僵硬度测量。
飞机噪声暴露并未增加动脉高血压的患病率（两组均为 50%），但与更高的诊室（88.3±11.4 与 79.8±8.6mmHg，P<0.001）和夜间舒张压（66.6±9.5 与 63.6±7.3mmHg，P<0.01）相关。暴露于高飞机噪声水平的参与者具有更高的颈股脉搏波速度（PWV）（10.3±1.8 与 9.4±1.4m/s，P<0.01）和更低的早期二尖瓣环速度（e'）（8.4±2.9 与 9.2±3.4cm/s，P=0.047）。这些差异独立于年龄、性别、BMI、教育程度、在家时间、吸烟状态、饮酒和抗高血压治疗。在暴露于正常血压的参与者中，明显观察到更高的诊室和夜间舒张压、PWV 和 e'值。暴露于飞机噪声的正常血压参与者的 PWV 与未暴露于飞机噪声的二十年长龄正常血压参与者的 PWV 相等，并且与噪声烦恼显著相关。
长期飞机噪声暴露与更高的诊室和夜间舒张压、更严重的动脉僵硬以及不利的左心室舒张功能变化有关。即使在正常血压的参与者中，也观察到飞机噪声暴露者的动脉僵硬度加速，程度取决于噪声烦恼。
