Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
J Evol Biol. 2019 May;32(5):451-462. doi: 10.1111/jeb.13427. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Host sympatry provides opportunities for cross-species disease transmission and compounded disease effects on host population and community structure. Using the Silene-Microbotryum interaction (the castrating anther smut disease), eleven Himalayan Silene species were assessed in regions of high host diversity to ascertain levels of pathogen specificity. We also investigated disease prevalence, seasonal dynamics of infection and flowering patterns in five co-blooming Silene species. We identified several new Microbotryum lineages with varying degrees of specialization that is likely influenced by degrees of host divergence and ecological similarities (i.e. shared pollinator guilds). Affected species had 15%-40% of plants infected by anther smut. Flowering was seasonally overlapping among host species (except for the species pair S. asclepiadea and S. atrocastanea), but diseased flowering onset was earlier than healthy plants, leading to dramatic seasonal shifts in observed disease prevalence. Overlapping distributions and flowering provides opportunities for floral pathogen movement between host species, but host specialization may be constrained by the plant phylogenetic relatedness, adaptation to micro-habitats and difference in pollinator/vector guilds.
宿主同域为跨物种疾病传播提供了机会，并对宿主种群和群落结构产生了复合疾病效应。利用矢车菊-麦角菌的相互作用（雄性不育花药黑粉病），在宿主多样性高的地区评估了 11 种喜马拉雅矢车菊物种，以确定病原体特异性的水平。我们还调查了五种同时开花的矢车菊物种的疾病流行率、季节性感染动态和开花模式。我们鉴定了几种具有不同程度专业化的新麦角菌谱系，这可能受到宿主分歧和生态相似性（即共享传粉者类群）的影响。受感染的物种有 15%-40%的植株被花药黑粉病感染。宿主物种的花期具有季节性重叠（除了矢车菊和高山毒芹这一对物种），但患病植物的开花时间早于健康植物，导致观察到的疾病流行率发生显著的季节性变化。分布和开花的重叠为宿主之间的花部病原菌传播提供了机会，但宿主的专业化可能受到植物系统发育关系、对微生境的适应以及传粉者/媒介类群的差异的限制。
