Department of Rhinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 Jun;9(6):695-701. doi: 10.1002/alr.22306. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
Three-dimensional (3D) printed models have been shown to be promising in surgical training in rhinology. The objectives of this study were to develop a set of 3D-printed models including the pediatric and adult nasal cavity, and the postsurgical paranasal sinuses, and to assess the face and content validity in endoscopic training.
The computed tomography (CT) data of a pediatric patient without nasal disorders and an adult patient with nasal septal deviation were selected to produce the models of the pediatric and adult nasal cavity, and the CT data of an adult patient who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery 4 months ago was chosen to create the paranasal sinus model. After the models were printed by our desktop-level 3D printer, 5 rhinologists used the 5-point Likert scales to evaluate the fidelity and utility. Additionally, a group of prespecified tasks were completed by the rhinologists and 5 residents respectively for supplementary content validation. The difference of time used in completing each task was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test.
All the models were prototyped in 24 hours, and the total cost for each model was less than 100 CNY (15 USD). The overall scores for fidelity and usefulness in endoscopic training were above 4.0. The experts accomplished all tasks using significantly less time than the residents (all p < 0.05).
The models of nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses made by our desktop-level 3D printer are high-fidelity, low-cost, and useful in training basic endoscopic skills.
三维（3D）打印模型已被证明在鼻科学手术培训中有很大的应用前景。本研究的目的是开发一套包括儿童和成人鼻腔以及术后副鼻窦的 3D 打印模型，并评估其在鼻内镜培训中的表面和内容效度。
选择一名无鼻部疾病的儿童患者和一名鼻中隔偏曲的成年患者的计算机断层扫描（CT）数据来制作儿童和成人鼻腔模型，并选择一名 4 个月前行鼻内镜鼻窦手术的成年患者的 CT 数据来创建副鼻窦模型。模型由我们的桌面级 3D 打印机打印后，5 名鼻科医生使用 5 分李克特量表评估模型的逼真度和实用性。此外，一组鼻科医生和 5 名住院医生分别完成了规定的任务，以进行补充内容验证。采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验分析完成每个任务所用时间的差异。
所有模型均在 24 小时内原型化，每个模型的总成本低于 100 元人民币（15 美元）。在鼻内镜培训中的逼真度和实用性的总体评分均高于 4.0。专家完成所有任务所用的时间明显少于住院医生（均 p < 0.05）。
我们的桌面级 3D 打印机制作的鼻腔和副鼻窦模型具有高逼真度、低成本和在培训基本鼻内镜技能方面的实用性。
