Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Tannenstrasse 7, Zotzenheim D-55576, Germany.
Eur Heart J. 2019 Apr 7;40(14):1107-1112. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz025.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates in adulthood are high in premature infants; unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. In this review, we discuss potential pathways that could lead to CVD in premature babies. Studies show intense oxidant stress and inflammation at tissue levels in these neonates. Alterations in lipid profile, foetal epigenomics, and gut microbiota in these infants may also underlie the development of CVD. Recently, probiotic bacteria, such as the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila have been shown to reduce inflammation and prevent heart disease in animal models. All this information might enable scientists and clinicians to target pathways to act early to curtail the adverse effects of prematurity on the cardiovascular system. This could lead to primary and secondary prevention of CVD and improve survival among preterm neonates later in adult life.
心血管疾病（CVD）在早产儿中的发病率很高；不幸的是，其潜在机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了可能导致早产儿 CVD 的潜在途径。研究表明，这些新生儿的组织水平存在强烈的氧化应激和炎症。这些婴儿的脂质谱、胎儿表观基因组和肠道微生物组的改变也可能是 CVD 发展的基础。最近，益生菌细菌，如黏液降解菌阿克曼氏菌粘液亚种已被证明可减少炎症并预防动物模型中的心脏病。所有这些信息都可能使科学家和临床医生能够针对这些途径，尽早采取行动，以减少早产对心血管系统的不良影响。这可能导致 CVD 的一级和二级预防，并改善早产儿在成年后期的生存。
