CINDEFI (CONICET-CCT LA PLATA UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calles 47 y 115, (1900), La Plata, Argentina.
CINDEFI (CONICET-CCT LA PLATA UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calles 47 y 115, (1900), La Plata, Argentina.
Bioresour Technol. 2019 May;279:317-326. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.028. Epub 2019 Feb 6.
Metal mobilization and immobilization catalyzed by microbial action are key processes in environmental biotechnology. Metal mobilization from ores, mining wastes, or solid residues can be used for recovering metals and/or remediating polluted environments; furthermore, immobilization reduces the migration of metals; cleans up effluents plus ground- and surface water; and, moreover, can help to concentrate and recover metals. Usually these processes provide certain advantages over traditional technologies such as more efficient economical and environmentally sustainable results. Since elevated temperatures typically increase chemical kinetics, it could be expected that bioprocesses should also be enhanced by replacing mesophiles with thermophiles or hyperthermophiles. Nevertheless, other issues like process stability, flexibility, and thermophile-versus-mesophile resistance to acidity and/or metal toxicity should be carefully considered. This review critically analyzes and compares thermophilic and mesophilic microbial performances in recent and selected representative examples of metal bioremediation and biorecovery.
微生物作用催化的金属迁移和固定是环境生物技术中的关键过程。从矿石、采矿废物或固体残渣中提取金属可用于回收金属和/或修复受污染的环境；此外，固定可减少金属的迁移；净化废水以及地下水和地表水；并且，还可以帮助浓缩和回收金属。通常，与传统技术相比，这些工艺具有一定的优势，例如更高效、经济和环境可持续的结果。由于高温通常会增加化学动力学，因此可以预期，通过用嗜热菌或超嗜热菌替代中温菌，生物过程也将得到增强。然而，还应仔细考虑其他问题，例如过程稳定性、灵活性以及嗜热菌与中温菌对酸度和/或金属毒性的抗性。本综述批判性地分析和比较了嗜热菌和中温菌在金属生物修复和生物回收的最新和代表性实例中的表现。
