State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 12;20(3):775. doi: 10.3390/ijms20030775.
The C-terminally encoded peptide (CEP) family has been shown to play vital roles in plant growth. Although a genome-wide analysis of this family has been performed in Arabidopsis, little is known regarding CEPs in apple ().
Here, a comprehensive bioinformatics approach was applied to identify MdCEPs in apple, and 12 genes were identified and distributed on 6 chromosomes.
MdCEP1 peptide had an inhibitory effect on root growth of apple seedlings, indicating that MdCEP1 played a negative role in root development. In addition, the serine and glycine residues remained conserved within the CEP domains, and MdCEP1 lost its function after mutation of these two key amino acids, suggesting that Ser and Gly residues are crucial for MdCEPs-mediated root growth of apple. Encouragingly, multiple sequence alignment of 273 CEP domains showed that Ser residue was evolutionarily conserved in monocot and eudicot plants. MdCEP derivative (Ser to Cys) lost the ability to inhibit the root growth of , , , and L. and up-regulate the NO importer gene .
Taken together, Ser residue is crucial for CEP function exertion in higher land plants, at least in apple.
C 端编码肽（CEP）家族已被证明在植物生长中发挥着重要作用。尽管在拟南芥中已经对该家族进行了全基因组分析，但关于苹果中的 CEPs 知之甚少。
本研究采用综合生物信息学方法鉴定苹果中的 MdCEPs，共鉴定到 12 个基因，分布在 6 条染色体上。
MdCEP1 肽对苹果幼苗根生长有抑制作用，表明 MdCEP1 在根发育中起负调控作用。此外，CEP 结构域内的丝氨酸和甘氨酸残基保持保守，MdCEP1 突变这两个关键氨基酸后丧失功能，提示 Ser 和 Gly 残基对 MdCEPs 介导的苹果根生长至关重要。令人鼓舞的是，对 273 个 CEP 结构域的多重序列比对表明，Ser 残基在单子叶和双子叶植物中是进化保守的。MdCEP 衍生物（Ser 突变为 Cys）丧失了抑制,,, 和 L. 根生长以及上调 NO 进口基因 的能力。
综上所述，Ser 残基对高等陆地植物中 CEP 功能的发挥至关重要，至少在苹果中如此。
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