Kost Gerald J, Zadran A, Zadran L, Ventura I
Point-of-Care Testing Center for Teaching and Research, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Front Public Health. 2019 Jan 29;6:385. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00385. eCollection 2018.
To develop awareness of benefits of point-of-care testing (POCT) education in schools of public health, to identify learning objectives for teaching POCT, to enable public health professionals and emergency responders to perform evidence-based diagnosis and triage effectively and efficiently at points of need, and to better improve future standards of care for public health practice, including in limited-resource settings and crisis situations. We surveyed all U.S. schools of public health, colleges of public health, and public health schools accredited by the Council on Education in Public Health (CEPH). We included accredited public health programs, so that all states offering public health education were represented. We analyzed survey data, public health books, and board certification guidelines. We used PubMed to identify public health curriculum papers, and assessed 2019 CEPH accreditation requirements. We merged POCT knowledge bases to design a new curriculum for teaching public health students and practitioners the principles and practice of POCT. Public health curricula, certification requirements, and textbooks generally do not include POCT instruction. Only one book, , and one online course on public health preparedness address POCT and public health intervention issues. The topic, POC HIV/HCV ED testing, appeared in one course and POC diagnostics in local clinics, in another. Papers on public health curriculum have not incorporated POCT. No curriculum addresses POCT in isolation units during quarantine, despite evidence that recent Ebola virus disease cases in the U.S. and elsewhere proved unequivocally the need for POCT. The modular learning objectives identified in this paper were customized for public health students. Public health graduates can use boot camps, online credentialing, and self-study to acquire POCT skills. Enhancing accreditation requirements, academic training, board certification, and field experience will generate public health healthcare professionals who will rely upon evidence-based medical decision making at points of care, including during crises when time is of the essence. A POCT-enabled public health workforce can help prevent and stop outbreaks. Public health-based medical professionals urgently need the skills necessary to perform POCT and prepare America and other nations for threats portending significant adverse medical, economic, social, and cultural impact.
提高公共卫生学院对即时检验（POCT）教育益处的认识，确定POCT教学的学习目标，使公共卫生专业人员和应急响应人员能够在需要时有效且高效地进行循证诊断和分诊，并更好地提高公共卫生实践的未来护理标准，包括在资源有限的环境和危机情况下。我们对美国所有经公共卫生教育委员会（CEPH）认证的公共卫生学院、公共卫生学院和公共卫生学校进行了调查。我们纳入了经认证的公共卫生项目，以便涵盖提供公共卫生教育的所有州。我们分析了调查数据、公共卫生书籍和委员会认证指南。我们使用PubMed识别公共卫生课程论文，并评估2019年CEPH认证要求。我们合并POCT知识库，为公共卫生专业学生和从业者设计一门关于POCT原理和实践的新课程。公共卫生课程、认证要求和教科书通常不包括POCT教学内容。只有一本书以及一门关于公共卫生应急准备的在线课程涉及POCT和公共卫生干预问题。“即时HIV/HCV急诊检测”这一主题出现在一门课程中，“当地诊所的即时诊断”出现在另一门课程中。关于公共卫生课程的论文尚未纳入POCT内容。尽管有证据表明美国和其他地方最近的埃博拉病毒病病例明确证明了对POCT的需求，但没有课程涉及隔离期间独立单元中的POCT。本文确定的模块化学习目标是为公共卫生专业学生量身定制的。公共卫生专业毕业生可以通过集训营、在线认证和自学来获得POCT技能。加强认证要求、学术培训、委员会认证和实地经验将培养出公共卫生医疗专业人员，他们将在护理点依靠循证医疗决策，包括在时间至关重要的危机期间。具备POCT能力的公共卫生工作人员有助于预防和阻止疫情爆发。以公共卫生为基础的医疗专业人员迫切需要进行POCT所需的技能，以便让美国和其他国家为预示着重大不良医疗、经济、社会和文化影响的威胁做好准备。
