Amico G C, Nickrent D L
INIBIOMA, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, RN, Argentina.
Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Plant Dis. 2009 Mar;93(3):317. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-93-3-0317A.
There are 11 species of mistletoes in the genus Tristerix (Loranthaceae) endemic to the Andes in South America (1,2). Tristerix verticillatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Barlow & Wiens is distributed on the east side of the Andes from Bolivia to Argentina at high elevations (>1,500 m). On the west side of the Andes, it is only found in Chile where it occurs at low to high elevations (50 to 3,000 m). Along its range, the mistletoe parasitizes more than 25 species, mainly Anarcadiaceae and Rhamnaceae. In February of 2007, it was observed to be parasitizing Schinus fasciculatus (Griseb.) I.M. Johnst. (Anacardiaceae) at two locations in the Sierra de San Luis, Argentina. One location was 6 km south of Las Chacras on Route 31 (32°35'56″S, 65°47'6″W, elevation 1,185 m) and the other was 12 km north of El Trapiche on Route 9 (33°1'21″S, 66°4'11″W, elevation 1,260 m). At these localities, the mistletoe was in full flower and parasitized only one host species, S. fasciculatus. No mortality associated with infection by this mistletoe was observed at either location. Specimens of the mistletoe were collected from both locations and deposited at the Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche Herbarium (BCRU), Río Negro, Argentina. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a Tristerix sp. outside the Andes and extends the eastern distribution of the genus by ≈270 km and also of S. fasciculatus serving as a host for T. verticillatus since previous collections were from other species of Schinus. References: (1) G. C. Amico et al. Am. J. Bot. 94:558, 2007. (2) J. Kuijt, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 19, 1988.
南美刺蕊草属（桑寄生科）有11种槲寄生，均为南美洲安第斯山脉特有物种（参考文献1,2）。轮叶南美刺蕊草（Tristerix verticillatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Barlow & Wiens）分布于安第斯山脉东侧，从玻利维亚到阿根廷的高海拔地区（海拔>1500米）。在安第斯山脉西侧，仅在智利有发现，生长于低海拔至高海拔地区（50至3000米）。在其分布范围内，这种槲寄生寄生于25种以上的植物，主要是漆树科和鼠李科植物。2007年2月，在阿根廷圣路易斯山脉的两个地点观察到它寄生于束花肖乳香（Schinus fasciculatus (Griseb.) I.M. Johnst.，漆树科）。一个地点在31号公路上拉斯查克拉斯以南6公里处（南纬32°35′56″，西经65°47′6″，海拔1185米），另一个地点在9号公路上埃尔特拉皮切以北12公里处（南纬33°1′21″，西经66°4′11″，海拔1260米）。在这些地点，这种槲寄生正值花期，且仅寄生于一种寄主植物——束花肖乳香。在这两个地点均未观察到与这种槲寄生感染相关的寄主死亡情况。从这两个地点采集了这种槲寄生的标本，并保存在阿根廷内乌肯省巴里洛切地区大学植物标本馆（BCRU）。据我们所知，这是南美刺蕊草属在安第斯山脉以外地区的首次报道，该属的东部分布范围扩展了约270公里，同时束花肖乳香作为轮叶南美刺蕊草的寄主也是首次报道，因为之前采集到的寄主均为肖乳香属的其他物种。参考文献：(1) G. C. Amico等人，《美国植物学杂志》94:558，2007年。(2) J. Kuijt，《系统植物学专论》19，1988年。
