Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco; Unity of Epidemiology and Diversity of Microorganisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Nouakchott El-Asriya, Nouakchott, Mauritania; Department of Epidemiology of Gastroenteritis, CDC Atlanta, USA.
Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-140, Brazil; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townville, Queensland, Australia.
Vaccine. 2019 Mar 7;37(11):1407-1411. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.078. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
Rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Mauritania in December 2014. We investigated hospitalizations with diarrhea during pre and post-vaccination periods among children aged 0-5 years in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania.
We conducted a retrospective review of hospital admission registries from November 1st 2012 through October 31th 2017 at all referral hospitals in Nouakchott. We described admissions of children aged 0-5 years by diagnosis, data of admission, age and sex, and compared the proportion of all childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction.
In total, 6552 (19%) of all 34,329 hospitalizations in 0-5 year-olds had diarrhea. Of these, 3523/16,952 (20.7%) were recorded during the pre-vaccine period, 1373/6897 (19.9%) during the transition period (November 2014-October 2015), and 1656/10,480 (15.8%) during the post-vaccination period. The proportion of all childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea during the pre-vaccine period was 22.6% among males and 18.7% among females. Approximately one third (32.3%) of hospitalizations with diarrhea occurred in children aged 6-11 months. During the post-vaccination period, the proportion of hospitalizations with diarrhea declined by 24%, and the highest reduction (74%) was observed in children aged 2 to 5 years (P < 0.001).
The proportion of childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea in Nouakchott was reduced by about one fourth after introduction of rotavirus vaccination in Mauritania, indicating a major impact for public health for children in the capital city.
2014 年 12 月，毛里塔尼亚引入了轮状病毒疫苗。我们调查了首都努瓦克肖特 0-5 岁儿童在疫苗接种前后时期因腹泻住院的情况。
我们对 2012 年 11 月 1 日至 2017 年 10 月 31 日期间所有转诊医院的住院登记册进行了回顾性审查。我们按诊断、入院数据、年龄和性别描述了 0-5 岁儿童的入院情况，并比较了轮状病毒疫苗引入前后所有儿童腹泻住院的比例。
在总共 34329 名 0-5 岁儿童的住院治疗中，有 6552 名（19%）患有腹泻。其中，3523/16952（20.7%）记录在疫苗接种前时期，1373/6897（19.9%）记录在过渡时期（2014 年 11 月至 2015 年 10 月），1656/10480（15.8%）记录在疫苗接种后时期。疫苗接种前时期，男性儿童腹泻住院的比例为 22.6%，女性儿童为 18.7%。约三分之一（32.3%）的腹泻住院发生在 6-11 月龄儿童中。在疫苗接种后时期，腹泻住院的比例下降了 24%，其中 2-5 岁儿童的降幅最大（74%）（P<0.001）。
在毛里塔尼亚引入轮状病毒疫苗后，努瓦克肖特儿童腹泻住院的比例下降了约四分之一，这表明对首都儿童的公共卫生产生了重大影响。
