Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.
Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique.
Vaccine. 2018 Nov 12;36(47):7205-7209. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.060. Epub 2017 Nov 8.
Mozambique introduced rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, GSK Biologicals) in the National Immunization Program in September 2015 with the objective of reducing the burden of total diarrheal disease and specifically severe rotavirus disease. This study aimed to evaluate the early impact of rotavirus vaccine in reducing all-cause diarrhea and rotavirus-specific hospitalizations.
We analysed stool specimens collected from children under five years old, between January 2014 and June 2017 within the National Surveillance for Acute Diarrhea. We compared annual changes in rotavirus positivity, median age of children hospitalized for rotavirus and the number of all-cause for diarrheal hospitalizations. Rotavirus detection was performed using enzyme immunoassay.
During this period, 1296 samples were collected and analyzed. Rotavirus positivity before vaccine introduction was 40.2% (39/97) in 2014 and 38.3% (225/588) in 2015, then after vaccine introduction reduced to 12.2% and 13.5% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The median age of children hospitalized for rotavirus was 9 and 11 months in 2014 and 2015 and 10 months in 2016 and 2017. Rotavirus hospitalizations exhibited a seasonal peak prior to vaccine introduction, between June and September in 2014 and 2015, coinciding with winter period in Mozambique. After vaccine introduction, the peak was delayed until August to December in 2016 and was substantially diminished. There was a reduction in all-cause acute diarrhea hospitalizations in children aged 0-11 months after vaccine introduction.
We observed a reduction in rotavirus positivity and in the number of all-cause diarrhea hospitalizations after vaccine introduction. The data suggest rotavirus vaccine is having a positive impact on the control of rotavirus diarrheal disease in Mozambique.
莫桑比克于 2015 年 9 月在国家免疫计划中引入轮状病毒疫苗（Rotarix，葛兰素史克生物制品公司），旨在减轻总腹泻病的负担，特别是严重轮状病毒病的负担。本研究旨在评估轮状病毒疫苗在减少所有病因腹泻和轮状病毒特异性住院方面的早期影响。
我们分析了 2014 年 1 月至 2017 年 6 月期间在国家急性腹泻监测范围内五岁以下儿童的粪便标本。我们比较了轮状病毒阳性率、轮状病毒住院儿童的中位年龄和所有病因腹泻住院人数的年度变化。轮状病毒检测采用酶免疫测定法。
在此期间，共采集并分析了 1296 份样本。疫苗引入前，2014 年的轮状病毒阳性率为 40.2%（39/97），2015 年为 38.3%（225/588），疫苗引入后，2016 年和 2017 年分别降至 12.2%和 13.5%。轮状病毒住院儿童的中位年龄在 2014 年和 2015 年为 9 个月和 11 个月，在 2016 年和 2017 年为 10 个月。在疫苗引入前，轮状病毒发病呈季节性高峰，2014 年和 2015 年为 6 月至 9 月，恰逢莫桑比克的冬季。疫苗引入后，高峰期推迟至 2016 年 8 月至 12 月，且显著减少。疫苗引入后，0-11 个月儿童的所有病因急性腹泻住院人数减少。
我们观察到疫苗引入后轮状病毒阳性率和所有病因腹泻住院人数减少。数据表明，轮状病毒疫苗对莫桑比克轮状病毒腹泻病的控制产生了积极影响。
