University of the Witwatersrand, School of Human and Community Development, Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 May-Jun;86(3):294-299. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.12.003. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
South Africa has a high prevalence of co-existing tuberculosis and HIV. As ototoxicity linked to the treatments for these conditions occurs with concomitant exposure to other ear toxins such as hazardous noise exposure, it is important to investigate the combination impact of these toxins. Limited published evidence exists on the co-occurrence of these conditions within this population.
The objective of this study was to compare the hearing function of gold miners with (treatment group) and without (non-treatment group) the history of tuberculosis treatment, in order to determine which group had increased risk of noise induced hearing loss. Furthermore, possible influence of age and HIV in these two groups was examined.
A retrospective record review of 102 miners' audiological records, divided into two groups, was conducted, with data analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Findings suggest that gold miners with a history of tuberculosis treatment have worse hearing thresholds in the high frequencies when compared to those without this history; with evidence of a noise induced hearing loss notch at 6000Hz in both groups. Pearson's correlations showed values between 0 and 0.3 (0 and -0.3) which are indicative of a weak positive (negative) correlation between HIV and hearing loss, as well as between hearing loss and age in this population.
Current findings highlight the importance of strategic hearing conservation programs, including ototoxicity monitoring, and the possible use of oto-protective/chemo-protective agents in this population.
南非同时患有肺结核和艾滋病的患者比例较高。由于这些疾病的治疗方法会与其他耳毒性物质（如危险噪声暴露）同时产生耳毒性，因此了解这些毒素的综合影响非常重要。关于该人群中这些疾病同时发生的情况，目前的相关文献有限。
本研究的目的是比较有（治疗组）和无（非治疗组）肺结核治疗史的金矿工人的听力功能，以确定哪个组有更高的噪声性听力损失风险。此外，还研究了这两个组中年龄和艾滋病病毒（HIV）的可能影响。
对 102 名矿工的听力记录进行了回顾性记录审查，将数据分为两组，进行定性和定量分析。
研究结果表明，与没有肺结核治疗史的矿工相比，有肺结核治疗史的矿工高频听力阈值较差；两组均在 6000Hz 处出现噪声性听力损失凹口。Pearson 相关系数显示值在 0 到 0.3（0 到-0.3）之间，表明 HIV 和听力损失之间以及该人群中听力损失和年龄之间存在弱正（负）相关。
目前的研究结果强调了在该人群中实施战略性听力保护计划的重要性，包括耳毒性监测以及可能使用耳保护/化疗保护剂。
