Yoldas Caner, Dogan Bilge, Kocabas Oktay, Memis Cagdas Oyku, Sevincok Doga, Sevincok Levent
Department of Psychiatry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
Psychiatry Service, Turhal State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2019 Sep;11(3):271-278. doi: 10.1007/s12402-019-00291-x. Epub 2019 Feb 14.
In the present study, our primary aim was to compare the generalized social anxiety (GSAD) patients with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in terms of avoidant personality disorder (AVPD), and some clinical variables. We also investigated the relationship of AVPD and depression with ADHD and GSAD. We hypothesized that ADHD may be associated with AVPD in patients with GSAD. Seventy-six patients with GSAD were evaluated for depression, AVPD, and childhood and adulthood diagnoses of ADHD. The GSAD patients with (n = 34) and without adulthood ADHD (n = 30) were compared with respect to some sociodemographic and clinical variables. GSAD patients with adulthood ADHD had significantly higher comorbid diagnosis of AVPD, more avoidant personality and depression symptoms than those without ADHD. Pearson's correlation coefficient in total sample (n = 76) showed that the mean number of AVPD criteria was significantly associated with the severity of Beck Depression Inventory, Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), and inattention symptoms of ADHD. There were no correlations between the total and subscale scores of Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale and the mean number of AVPD criteria. The scores of WURS significantly predicted the mean number of AVPD criteria (β = 0.305, p= 0.007). The severity of current depression (β = 0.143, p = 0.30) and inattention symptoms of adulthood ADHD (β = 0.112, p = 0.46) were not associated with the severity of AVPD symptoms. These results might demonstrate that comorbid AVPD in adult SAD patients was related to a childhood ADHD independent from depression, and inattention symptoms of ADHD in adulthood.
在本研究中，我们的主要目的是比较患有和未患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的广泛性社交焦虑症（GSAD）患者在回避型人格障碍（AVPD）及一些临床变量方面的差异。我们还研究了AVPD和抑郁症与ADHD及GSAD之间的关系。我们假设在GSAD患者中，ADHD可能与AVPD相关。对76名GSAD患者进行了抑郁症、AVPD以及儿童期和成年期ADHD诊断的评估。比较了患有成年期ADHD的GSAD患者（n = 34）和未患有成年期ADHD的GSAD患者（n = 30）在一些社会人口统计学和临床变量方面的情况。患有成年期ADHD的GSAD患者比未患有ADHD的患者有更高的AVPD共病诊断率、更多的回避型人格和抑郁症状。总样本（n = 76）中的Pearson相关系数显示，AVPD标准的平均数量与贝克抑郁量表、温德尔犹他评定量表（WURS）的严重程度以及ADHD的注意力不集中症状显著相关。利博维茨社交焦虑量表的总分和子量表分数与AVPD标准的平均数量之间没有相关性。WURS分数显著预测了AVPD标准的平均数量（β = 0.305，p = 0.007）。当前抑郁症的严重程度（β = 0.143，p = 0.30）和成年期ADHD的注意力不集中症状（β = 0.112，p = 0.46）与AVPD症状的严重程度无关。这些结果可能表明，成年社交焦虑症患者中的共病AVPD与童年期ADHD相关，且独立于抑郁症以及成年期ADHD的注意力不集中症状。
