Ouzennou Nadia, Tikert Kabira, Belkedim Ghizlane, Jarhmouti Fatim Ezzahra, Baali Abdellatif
Sante Publique. 2018 September-October;30(5):737-745. doi: 10.3917/spub.186.0737.
The objective of this study is to provide data on the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and to examine factors associated with anemia in Essaouira province, Morocco.
To study the prevalence of anemia, we analyzed 3806 obstetrical files of pregnant women between February 2015 and January, 2016. 1558 women had anemia. The hemoglobin values allowed us to define and to classify anemia, and to calculate its severity in the population. To study the factors associated with anemia, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey among 725 pregnant women selected by simple random sampling. We collected information on bio-demographic, socio-economic and socio-cultural characteristics and performed a binary logistic regression to assess the association between these factors and anemia. Data on the food consumption among anemic women were also collected.
The prevalence of anemia was high among pregnant women in the province of Essaouira, amounting to 41%. The results of the binary logistic regression showed that anemia is associated with the gravity the woman's origin and literacy. Results showed also that the diet of anemic women was poor on iron and it could be a factor of development of anemia in this province.
In Morocco, nutritional problems could hamper human development and improvement of health status. Knowledge of the prevalence and the severity of deficiencies are necessary to develop intervention strategies adapted to the national context.
本研究的目的是提供摩洛哥索维拉省孕妇贫血患病率的数据，并调查与贫血相关的因素。
为研究贫血患病率，我们分析了2015年2月至2016年1月期间3806份孕妇产科档案。1558名妇女患有贫血。血红蛋白值使我们能够定义和分类贫血，并计算其在人群中的严重程度。为研究与贫血相关的因素，我们对通过简单随机抽样选取的725名孕妇进行了横断面问卷调查。我们收集了生物人口学、社会经济和社会文化特征方面的信息，并进行二元逻辑回归以评估这些因素与贫血之间的关联。还收集了贫血妇女的食物消费数据。
索维拉省孕妇贫血患病率很高，达41%。二元逻辑回归结果表明，贫血与女性的出身地和识字率有关。结果还表明，贫血妇女的饮食中铁含量低，这可能是该省贫血发生的一个因素。
在摩洛哥，营养问题可能会阻碍人类发展和健康状况的改善。了解缺乏症的患病率和严重程度对于制定适合国情的干预策略是必要的。
