Manoussi Abdelmounaim, Nacer Nezha, Kajjoune Imane, Baali Abdellatif, Amor Hakima, Ouzennou Nadia
Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben- Guerir, Morocco.
Faculty of Science of Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 13;25(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-21353-y.
Low- and middle-income countries are facing a rapid increase in nutritional problems, particularly in Africa, where undernutrition, overweight and micronutrient deficiencies coexist, creating a double burden of malnutrition and a challenge to public health policies. In this context, Morocco stands out for its early nutritional transition, characterized by a moderate prevalence of overweight and undernutrition and elevated levels of micronutrient deficiencies. The aim of this study was to assess the weight status of women of childbearing age and identify its determinants to suggest ways to improve it. The study was conducted in the province of Essaouira in Morocco, which is characterized by a predominance of rural areas and multidimensional poverty. We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 1,466 married women of childbearing age via stratified random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and anthropometric measurements; we applied the WHO curves to classify BMI. Data entry and statistical processing were performed via SPSS v. 26. The results show that women's weight status is worrisome, with an average BMI of 26.4 kg/m². The prevalence of overweight was 61.6% (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m), with 17.9% of women being obese. Bivariate analysis revealed that age, education level, socioprofessional activity, family structure, household income and parity were significantly associated with overweight. Binary logistic regression confirmed that women's age and level of education are major determinants of overweight/obesity. There is a need to strengthen public health policies aimed at reducing overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age in Morocco, with an emphasis on nutrition education and monitoring their weight status throughout their reproductive lives.
低收入和中等收入国家正面临着营养问题的迅速增加，特别是在非洲，那里营养不良、超重和微量营养素缺乏并存，造成了营养不良的双重负担，并对公共卫生政策构成挑战。在这种背景下，摩洛哥因其早期的营养转型而脱颖而出，其特点是超重和营养不良的患病率适中，微量营养素缺乏水平较高。本研究的目的是评估育龄妇女的体重状况，并确定其决定因素，以提出改善方法。该研究在摩洛哥的索维拉省进行，该省以农村地区为主且存在多维度贫困。我们通过分层随机抽样对1466名育龄已婚妇女进行了定量横断面调查。通过问卷调查和人体测量收集数据；我们应用世界卫生组织的曲线对体重指数进行分类。数据录入和统计处理通过SPSS v. 26进行。结果表明，妇女的体重状况令人担忧，平均体重指数为26.4千克/平方米。超重患病率为61.6%（体重指数≥25千克/米），17.9%的妇女肥胖。双变量分析显示，年龄、教育水平、社会职业活动、家庭结构、家庭收入和平产次数与超重显著相关。二元逻辑回归证实，妇女的年龄和教育水平是超重/肥胖的主要决定因素。有必要加强旨在减少摩洛哥育龄妇女超重和肥胖的公共卫生政策，重点是营养教育并在其整个生育期监测她们的体重状况。
