Zouine Noura, Lhilali Ilham, Godderis Lode, El Midaoui Adil, El Jaafari Samir, Filali-Zegzouti Younes
Cluster of Competency " Environment and Health", Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Professions of Fes-Meknes Annex, Meknes 50000, Morocco.
Epidemiologia (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;5(4):805-827. doi: 10.3390/epidemiologia5040055.
Vitamin D and iron deficiencies are prevalent among Moroccan women of reproductive age (WRA). Research suggests that Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may impair iron bioavailability, potentially leading to iron deficiency (ID) and anemia. Objectives: This study investigates associations between vitamin D status, iron levels, and anemia risk in WRA, aged 18-49, from Meknes, Morocco. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 463 participants, measuring serum 25(OH)D, blood count parameters, iron, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and creatinine. Lifestyle factors, including dietary intake, sun exposure, and physical activity, were assessed through validated questionnaires, and anthropometric data were collected. Linear and logistic regression models analyzed associations, while ROC analysis evaluated VDD's predictive accuracy for ID and anemia. VDD (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was significantly associated with reduced hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells, and ferritin (all < 0.01), indicating vitamin D's role in erythropoiesis and iron storage. Multivariate logistic regression showed that VDD increased the risk of anemia (OR: 7.17, 95% CI: 3.19-19.28, < 0.001), ID (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.32-3.77, = 0.007), and IDA (OR: 4.10, 95% CI: 1.73-12.08, = 0.004). Dietary iron intake was inadequate, showing minimal protective effects against anemia and ID (β(SE): -0.08(0.03), = 0.030 and β(SE): -0.05(0.02), = 0.037). : VDD is a significant risk factor for impaired iron status and anemia in Moroccan WRA, highlighting the need for targeted nutritional interventions and further research.
维生素D和铁缺乏在摩洛哥育龄妇女中普遍存在。研究表明，维生素D缺乏可能会损害铁的生物利用度，从而可能导致缺铁和贫血。目的：本研究调查摩洛哥梅克内斯18 - 49岁育龄妇女的维生素D状态、铁水平与贫血风险之间的关联。对463名参与者进行了一项横断面研究，测量血清25(OH)D、血细胞计数参数、铁、铁蛋白、C反应蛋白和肌酐。通过经过验证的问卷评估包括饮食摄入、阳光照射和身体活动在内的生活方式因素，并收集人体测量数据。线性和逻辑回归模型分析了关联，而ROC分析评估了维生素D缺乏对缺铁和贫血的预测准确性。维生素D缺乏（25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL）与血红蛋白、血细胞比容、红细胞和铁蛋白降低显著相关（均P < 0.01），表明维生素D在红细胞生成和铁储存中的作用。多变量逻辑回归显示，维生素D缺乏增加了贫血风险（OR：7.17，95%CI：3.19 - 19.28，P < 0.001）、缺铁风险（OR：2.20，95%CI：1.32 - 3.77，P = 0.007）和缺铁性贫血风险（OR：4.10，95%CI：1.73 - 12.08，P = 0.004）。饮食中铁摄入量不足，对贫血和缺铁的保护作用极小（β(SE)：-0.08(0.03)，P = 0.030和β(SE)：-0.05(0.02)，P = 0.037）。结论：维生素D缺乏是摩洛哥育龄妇女铁状态受损和贫血的重要危险因素，凸显了有针对性的营养干预和进一步研究的必要性。
