a Ohio State University College of Social Work , Columbus , Ohio , USA.
b John Glenn College of Public Affairs and the College of Public Health , Ohio State University.
Soc Work Public Health. 2019;34(3):214-229. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2019.1575313. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
This study explored health outcomes of 301 individuals living within three food secure and three food insecure neighborhoods in a midwestern city by using a multi-level model that included household-level and neighborhood-level variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between household participation in food assistance programs, perceptions of neighborhood food access, distance to food stores where participants purchased food regularly, reliance upon social support systems for food provisioning, and use of community-based food system markets and/or programs with various diet-related health outcomes. Participants in food insecure areas had higher rates of obesity and type II diabetes, with variability related to food insecurity. Food assistance users had higher incidences of poor health outcomes. Perceived farmers' market access related to lower incidence of overweight/obesity. The complexity of food access appears to be more than whether there is a food store located nearby. Knowing that food insecurity differs across neighborhoods within a city is important for the development of interventions specific and appropriate for people living in those areas. Social workers and public health practitioners may consider analysis of wages and allotments for federal programs, as our research indicated that 2/3 of food insecure households had someone employed full-time, and households with fixed incomes from federal programs were much more likely to be very low food secure (formerly referred to as food insecure with hunger). Social workers and public health practitioners have opportunities to work with planners and policymakers .
本研究通过使用包含家庭层面和社区层面变量的多层模型，调查了中西部城市三个粮食安全社区和三个粮食不安全社区的 301 名居民的健康结果。使用逻辑回归分析了家庭参与食品援助计划、对社区食品获取的看法、参与者定期购买食物的食品商店的距离、对食品供应的社会支持系统的依赖程度，以及利用社区为基础的食品系统市场和/或计划与各种饮食相关的健康结果之间的关系。粮食不安全地区的参与者肥胖症和 II 型糖尿病的发病率较高，且与粮食不安全程度有关。食品援助使用者的健康状况较差。感知农贸市场的获取情况与超重/肥胖的发生率较低有关。食品获取的复杂性似乎不仅仅取决于附近是否有食品店。了解城市内不同社区的粮食不安全情况对于为生活在这些地区的人们制定具体和适当的干预措施非常重要。社会工作者和公共卫生从业人员可能会考虑对联邦计划的工资和拨款进行分析，因为我们的研究表明，三分之二的粮食不安全家庭有全职就业人员，并且从联邦计划获得固定收入的家庭更有可能处于极低的粮食保障状态（以前称为有饥饿感的粮食不安全）。社会工作者和公共卫生从业人员有机会与规划者和政策制定者合作。
