Chapman B J, McDonald C, Capewell S, Frame M H, Crompton G K
Respiratory Diseases Unit, Northern General Hospital, Edinburgh.
Br J Dis Chest. 1988 Oct;82(4):354-9. doi: 10.1016/0007-0971(88)90088-5.
A double-blind crossover study has been performed in 14 patients with moderately severe chronic asthma to compare the bronchodilator efficacy of two dosage regimens of intravenous enprofylline (high dose = 2 mg/kg bolus and 1 mg/kg/hour infusion; low dose = 1 mg/kg bolus and 500 micrograms/kg/hour infusion) with aminophylline (5 mg/kg/bolus and 500 micrograms/kg/hour infusion) and placebo. The bolus injections were given over 20 minutes and infusion over 160 minutes. Twelve subjects completed the study. High dose enprofylline was more effective than aminophylline in increasing PEF (P = 0.008) and FEV1 (P = 0.004). Low dose enprofylline and aminophylline were of similar efficacy. Side-effects, notably headaches and nausea, were more common with enprofylline; three out of 14 subjects receiving the high dose regimen developed severe nausea. The plasma enprofylline levels achieved with the high dose regimen were greater than anticipated. Further studies are required in acute severe asthma to clarify the therapeutic role of intravenous enprofylline and the most appropriate dosage regimen.
对14例中度严重慢性哮喘患者进行了一项双盲交叉研究，以比较静脉注射恩丙茶碱两种剂量方案（高剂量=2mg/kg推注和1mg/kg/小时输注；低剂量=1mg/kg推注和500μg/kg/小时输注）与氨茶碱（5mg/kg/推注和500μg/kg/小时输注）及安慰剂的支气管扩张剂疗效。推注在20分钟内给予，输注在160分钟内进行。12名受试者完成了研究。高剂量恩丙茶碱在增加呼气峰流速（PEF，P=0.008）和第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1，P=0.004）方面比氨茶碱更有效。低剂量恩丙茶碱和氨茶碱疗效相似。副作用，尤其是头痛和恶心，在使用恩丙茶碱时更常见；接受高剂量方案的14名受试者中有3人出现严重恶心。高剂量方案达到的血浆恩丙茶碱水平高于预期。在急性重症哮喘中还需要进一步研究，以阐明静脉注射恩丙茶碱的治疗作用和最合适的剂量方案。
