Berbegal M, García-Jiménez J, Armengol J
Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Camino de Vera s/n, 46022-Valencia, Spain.
Plant Dis. 2008 Apr;92(4):595-600. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-4-0595.
The effect of fresh cauliflower residue amendment alone and with a low dose of metham sodium (MS) combined with soil solarization was investigated for the control of Verticillium wilt of artichoke in two commercial fields under artichoke-cauliflower rotation. Treatments were a factorial combination of three main plots (an unamended control, soil amended with cauliflower residue, and a combination of cauliflower residue and a low dose of MS) and two subplots (application of a plastic cover or uncovered). Inoculum densities of Verticillium dahliae were measured before and after soil treatments as well as disease incidence, symptom severity, and yield. Although soil solarization reduced inoculum of V. dahliae and the incidence of Verticillium wilt of artichoke, no added benefit was obtained when solarization was used with cauliflower residue amendments. In addition to toxic volatile compounds, other mechanisms could be involved in disease suppression because the effects of incorporating cauliflower residue were not enhanced by the plastic covering. The effect of cauliflower residues on populations of V. dahliae microsclerotia in soil was inconsistent, possibly due to varying pretreatment inoculum levels. Treatments with cauliflower residue amendments and low doses of MS maintained low inoculum densities in the fields until the end of the growing season and significantly reduced the percentage of infected plants.
在两块实行菊芋-花椰菜轮作的商业田地中，研究了单独施用新鲜花椰菜残体改良剂以及将低剂量威百亩（MS）与土壤太阳能消毒相结合，对控制菊芋黄萎病的效果。处理方式为三个主区（未改良对照、用花椰菜残体改良的土壤、花椰菜残体与低剂量MS的组合）和两个副区（覆盖塑料膜或不覆盖）的析因组合。在土壤处理前后测量大丽轮枝菌的接种密度以及病情发病率、症状严重程度和产量。尽管土壤太阳能消毒降低了大丽轮枝菌的接种量以及菊芋黄萎病的发病率，但当太阳能消毒与花椰菜残体改良剂一起使用时，并未获得额外益处。除了有毒挥发性化合物外，其他机制可能也参与了病害抑制，因为覆盖塑料膜并未增强掺入花椰菜残体的效果。花椰菜残体对土壤中大丽轮枝菌微菌核数量的影响并不一致，这可能是由于预处理接种水平不同所致。用花椰菜残体改良剂和低剂量MS进行的处理在生长季节结束前一直保持田间低接种密度，并显著降低了受感染植株的百分比。
