Tung Wei-Chen, Granner Michelle, Lu Minggen, Sohn Jeeyun
a Orvis School of Nursing , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA.
b School of Community Health Sciences , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2019 May;39(4):510-515. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2018.1525693. Epub 2019 Feb 16.
Korean American women (KAW) experience the third highest incidence rate of cervical cancer among nine major Asian Americans. This study examined cervical cancer screening among KAW using constructs from the transtheoretical model (TTM). Using a cross-sectional survey design, 102 KAW aged 21-65 years of age were recruited through convenience sampling. Twenty-seven per cent of participants reported of never receiving a Pap smear. Women who were older and married were more likely to report being in the action/maintenance stages; women who perceived themselves to be in poor health were less likely to be in the action/maintenance stages. Higher self-efficacy and lower perception of barriers were significantly associated with more advanced TTM stages. The perceived benefits were not statistically different across TTM stages of change. A special attention should be given to young and unmarried KAW to increase screening participation. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The utilisation of Pap test among Korean American women (KAW) was low. Using the transtheoretical model (TTM) approach has the potential to increase a screening adherence. What do the results of this study add? This is the first study to examine the association between TTM constructs related to Pap testing among KAW. Younger and unmarried women reported the lowest levels of screening attitudes or behaviours; and tailored efforts may be beneficial in increasing the screening among these women. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Increasing the self-efficacy and decreasing the barriers to obtaining Pap screening are critical to move Korean women to the advanced TTM stages. Further investigation is needed with KAW to fully understand the relationships between TTM constructs.
韩裔美国女性（KAW）在九大主要亚裔美国人群体中宫颈癌发病率排名第三。本研究运用跨理论模型（TTM）的相关理论，对韩裔美国女性的宫颈癌筛查情况进行了调查。采用横断面调查设计，通过便利抽样招募了102名年龄在21至65岁之间的韩裔美国女性。27%的参与者表示从未进行过巴氏涂片检查。年龄较大且已婚的女性更有可能处于行动/维持阶段；认为自己健康状况不佳的女性处于行动/维持阶段的可能性较小。自我效能感较高且对障碍的认知较低与更高级别的跨理论模型阶段显著相关。在跨理论模型的不同变化阶段，感知到的益处没有统计学差异。应特别关注年轻未婚的韩裔美国女性，以提高她们的筛查参与率。影响声明关于该主题已知的信息有哪些？韩裔美国女性（KAW）的巴氏试验利用率较低。采用跨理论模型（TTM）方法有可能提高筛查依从性。本研究的结果有何补充？这是第一项研究韩裔美国女性（KAW）中与巴氏试验相关的跨理论模型结构之间关联的研究。年轻未婚女性报告的筛查态度或行为水平最低；针对性的努力可能有助于提高这些女性的筛查率。这些发现对临床实践和/或进一步研究有何启示？提高自我效能感并减少进行巴氏筛查的障碍对于促使韩裔女性进入更高级别的跨理论模型阶段至关重要。需要对韩裔美国女性（KAW）进行进一步调查，以全面了解跨理论模型结构之间的关系。
