Kreisler Rachael E, Cornell Heather N, Levy Julie K
Pathology and Population Medicine, Midwestern University College of Veterinary Medicine, Glendale, AZ, United States.
Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Feb 1;6:7. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00007. eCollection 2019.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a long-term (23-year) trap-neuter-return program on the population size of community cats in the Ocean Reef Community and to describe the demographic composition and outcome of enrolled cats. A retrospective study was performed using both cat census data collected between 1999 and 2013 as well as individual medical records for cats whose first visit occurred between 3/31/1995 and 12/31/2017. Medical record entries were reviewed to determine program inputs, cat outcomes, retroviral disease prevalence, and average age of first visit, sterilization, and death through 6/11/2018. Change over time was analyzed via linear regression. The free-roaming population decreased from 455 cats recorded in 1999 to 206 recorded in 2013 (55% decrease, P < 0.0001). There were 3,487 visits recorded for 2,529 community cats, with 869 ovariohysterectomies and 822 orchiectomies performed. At last recorded visit, there were 1,111 cats returned back to their original location, and 1,419 cats removed via adoption (510), transfer to the adoption center (201), euthanasia of unhealthy or retrovirus positive cats (441), died in care (58), or outcome of dead on arrival (209). The number of first visits per year decreased 80% from 348 in 1995 to 68 in 2017. The estimated average age of the active cat population increased by 0.003 months each year (P = 0.031) from 16.6 months in 1995 to 43.8 months in 2017. The mean age of cats at removal increased 1.9 months per year over time (P < 0.0001) from 6.4 months in 1995 to 77.3 months in 2017. The mean age of cats at return to the original location was 20.8 months, which did not change over time. The overall retrovirus prevalence over the entire duration was 6.5%, with FIV identified in 3.3% of cats and FeLV identified in 3.6%. Retrovirus prevalence decreased by 0.32% per year (P = 0.001), with FIV decreasing by 0.16% per year (P = 0.013) and FeLV decreasing 0.18% per year (P = 0.033). In conclusion, a trap-neuter-return program operating for over two decades achieved a decrease in population and an increase in population welfare as measured by increased average age of population and decreased retrovirus prevalence.
本研究的目的是评估一项长期（23年）的诱捕-绝育-放归计划对海洋礁社区流浪猫种群数量的影响，并描述登记在册猫咪的人口统计学构成和结局。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，使用了1999年至2013年期间收集的猫只普查数据，以及首次就诊时间在1995年3月31日至2017年12月31日之间的猫咪个体病历。审查病历记录以确定计划投入、猫咪结局、逆转录病毒疾病患病率，以及截至2018年6月11日的首次就诊、绝育和死亡的平均年龄。通过线性回归分析随时间的变化。自由放养的猫数量从1999年记录的455只减少到2013年记录的206只（减少了55%，P<0.0001）。共记录了2529只社区猫的3487次就诊，实施了869例卵巢子宫切除术和822例睾丸切除术。在最后一次记录的就诊时，有1111只猫被放回原地点，1419只猫通过领养（510只）、转移到领养中心（201只）、对不健康或逆转录病毒呈阳性的猫实施安乐死（441只）、在护理中死亡（58只）或到达时已死亡（209只）的方式被移除。每年的首次就诊次数从1995年的348次下降了80%，至2017年的68次。活跃猫种群的估计平均年龄从1995年的16.6个月增加到2017年的43.8个月，每年增加0.003个月（P=0.031）。随着时间的推移，被移除猫咪的平均年龄从1995年的6.4个月增加到2017年的77.3个月，每年增加1.9个月（P<0.0001）。回到原地点的猫咪平均年龄为20.8个月，随时间没有变化。在整个期间，总体逆转录病毒患病率为6.5%，3.3%的猫检测出猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV），3.6%的猫检测出猫白血病病毒（FeLV）。逆转录病毒患病率每年下降0.32%（P=0.001），FIV每年下降0.16%（P=0.013），FeLV每年下降0.18%（P=0.033）。总之，一项实施了二十多年的诱捕-绝育-放归计划实现了种群数量的减少以及种群福利的提升，这体现在种群平均年龄增加和逆转录病毒患病率降低上。
