Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via S. Sofia, 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Apr;26(11):10708-10718. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04530-6. Epub 2019 Feb 18.
The vine mealybug (VMB), Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a key insect pest of vineyards. While pheromone-based mating disruption (MD) has been successfully tested against a wide range of insect pests, knowledge about its efficacy against key mealybug species, such as P. ficus, is scarce. In this study, a novel MD product, Isonet® PF, was evaluated by testing 300, 400, and 500 dispensers/ha at four study sites located in Northern (Veneto) and Southern (Sicily) Italy. Experiments were carried out over 2 years by monitoring the mealybug populations in wine grape and table grape vineyards managed with and without the application of MD. Pheromone dispensers were periodically collected during the grapevine-growing season, extracted, and analyzed by GC-MS, to determine their pheromone content and the release in mg/ha/day. The results showed that use of the MD dispenser Isonet® PF reduced the percentage of VMB-infested bunches and the number of VMB specimens per bunch compared with the untreated controls. This was recorded over 2 years at all experimental sites. Differences in the incidence of infested bunches among the three tested rates of Isonet® PF were not detected. Overall, the results presented here contribute to optimizing the sex pheromone dosage used in MD control programs against VMB allowing a reduction of broad-spectrum insecticides currently employed to manage this important pest.
葡萄绵粉蚧（VMB），粉蚧科（半翅目伪叶甲科），是葡萄园的主要虫害之一。虽然基于信息素的交配干扰（MD）已成功应用于多种虫害，但对于关键粉蚧物种（如 P. ficus）的有效性，相关知识却相对匮乏。本研究中，新型 MD 产品 Isonet® PF 在意大利北部（威尼托）和南部（西西里岛）的四个研究点进行了评估，每个研究点分别设置了 300、400 和 500 个诱芯/公顷的处理。在 2 年的实验中，通过监测未应用 MD 处理和应用 MD 处理的酿酒葡萄和鲜食葡萄园中绵粉蚧的种群，来进行试验。定期收集诱芯并通过 GC-MS 进行提取和分析，以确定其信息素含量和每公顷/天的释放量。结果表明，与未处理的对照相比，使用 MD 诱芯 Isonet® PF 减少了 VMB 感染的果穗比例和每穗 VMB 标本数量。这在所有实验点的 2 年期间都有记录。在测试的三种 Isonet® PF 浓度中，诱芯处理之间的受感染果穗发生率没有差异。总体而言，本研究结果有助于优化 MD 控制计划中针对 VMB 所使用的性信息素剂量，从而减少目前用于管理这一重要害虫的广谱杀虫剂的使用。
