Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
CBC Iberia S.A., Av. Diagonal 605, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(22):22196-22204. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2341-3. Epub 2018 May 26.
Pheromone-mediated mating disruption (MD) is widely used as a control tool to manage the European grapevine moth (EGVM), Lobesia botrana. Most of the MD formulations are "passive" reservoir dispensers, which need to be used at a rather large number of units per hectare. A promising alternative is represented by automatic aerosol devices, releasing pheromone puffs at programmed time intervals. Herein, we investigated the effectiveness of MD aerosol product Isonet® L MisterX841 in reducing EGVM infestation on grape in comparison to the reference MD product Isonet® L and the grower's standard. Experiments were carried out over 2 years in two different study sites of Aragon region (Spain). EGVM male catches were monitored using traps baited with the female sex pheromone. The effectiveness of MD formulations against the three generations of EGVM was assessed by determining the percentage of infested bunches and the number of nests per bunch. As expected, a much greater amount of male catches in the grower's standard over Isonet® L MisterX841 and Isonet ® L was observed. No significant differences about EGVM male catches were found in vineyards where Isonet® L MisterX841 and Isonet® L were used. EGVM-infested bunches, as well as number of nests per bunch, were higher in the grower's standard, if compared to vineyards where we tested Isonet® L MisterX841 and Isonet® L. However, the employ of the latter led to a lower EGVM bunch infestation, if compared to Isonet® L MisterX841. Overall, the MD approach proposed here is effective against EGVM. These aerosol devices require a lower number of units per hectare if compared to hand-applied dispensers, saving labor costs and contributing to reduce plastic disposal in agricultural settings.
信息素介导的交配干扰（MD）被广泛用作控制欧洲葡萄蛀虫（EGVM），Lobesia botrana 的工具。大多数 MD 制剂都是“被动”储液器，每公顷需要使用相当多的单位。一个有前途的替代方案是自动气溶胶装置，它可以按预定时间间隔释放信息素脉冲。在此，我们研究了 MD 气溶胶产品 Isonet®L MisterX841 与参考 MD 产品 Isonet®L 和种植者标准相比，在减少葡萄上 EGVM 侵染方面的有效性。实验在西班牙阿拉贡地区的两个不同研究地点进行了两年。使用雌性性信息素诱饵的诱捕器监测 EGVM 雄虫的捕获情况。通过确定受侵染束的百分比和每束巢的数量来评估 MD 制剂对 EGVM 三代的有效性。正如预期的那样，在种植者标准中观察到比 Isonet®L MisterX841 和 Isonet®L 更多的雄虫捕获量。在使用 Isonet®L MisterX841 和 Isonet®L 的葡萄园，未发现 EGVM 雄虫捕获量有显著差异。与我们测试 Isonet®L MisterX841 和 Isonet®L 的葡萄园相比，在种植者标准中，受 EGVM 侵染的束和每束巢的数量更高。然而，与 Isonet®L MisterX841 相比，后者的使用导致 EGVM 束侵染率降低。总的来说，这里提出的 MD 方法对 EGVM 有效。与手动应用分配器相比，这些气溶胶装置每公顷需要的单位数量更少，节省了劳动力成本，并有助于减少农业环境中的塑料处理。
