Domier Leslie L, Steinlage Todd A, Hobbs Houston A, Wang Yi, Herrera-Rodriguez Gabriel, Haudenshield James S, McCoppin Nancy K, Hartman Glen L
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, IL 61801.
Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, IPN, Unidad Sinaloa, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico.
Plant Dis. 2007 May;91(5):546-550. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-5-0546.
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is an aphid- and seed-transmitted virus that infects soybean (Glycine max) plants and causes significant yield losses. Seed-borne infections are the primary sources of inoculum for SMV infections. The strain specificity of SMV transmission through seed and SMV-induced seed-coat mottling were investigated in field experiments. Six soybean plant introductions (PIs) were inoculated with eight SMV strains and isolates. Transmission of SMV through seed ranged from 0 to 43%, and isolate-by-soybean line interactions occurred in both transmission rates and percentages of mottled seeds. For example, SMV 746 was transmitted through 43% of seed in PI 229324, but was not transmitted through seed of PIs 68522, 68671, or 86449. In contrast, SMV 413 was transmitted through seed from all PIs. SMVs that were transmitted poorly by the Asian soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, also were transmitted poorly through seed. No predicted amino acid sequences within the helper-component protease or coat protein coding regions differentiated the two groups of SMV strains. The loss of aphid and seed transmissibility by repeated mechanical transmission suggests that constant selection pressure is needed to maintain the regions of the SMV genome controlling the two phenotypes from genetic drift and loss of function.
大豆花叶病毒（SMV）是一种由蚜虫传播和种子传播的病毒，可感染大豆（Glycine max）植株并导致显著的产量损失。种子传播的感染是SMV感染的主要接种源。通过田间试验研究了SMV通过种子传播的株系特异性以及SMV诱导的种皮斑驳情况。用8个SMV株系和分离株接种了6份大豆植物引进品种（PI）。SMV通过种子的传播率在0%至43%之间，在传播率和斑驳种子百分比方面均存在分离株与大豆品系的相互作用。例如，SMV 746在PI 229324中通过43%的种子传播，但在PI 68522、68671或86449的种子中未传播。相比之下，SMV 413在所有PI的种子中都能传播。亚洲大豆蚜（Aphis glycines）传播能力较差的SMV株系，通过种子传播的能力也较差。辅助成分蛋白酶或外壳蛋白编码区域内的预测氨基酸序列无法区分这两组SMV株系。通过反复机械传代导致蚜虫和种子传播能力丧失，这表明需要持续的选择压力来维持SMV基因组中控制这两种表型的区域，防止其发生遗传漂变和功能丧失。
