Morris Margaret J
a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Nov;4(6):625-637. doi: 10.1586/eem.09.45.
While adult lifestyle factors undoubtedly contribute to the incidence of obesity and its attendant disorders, mounting evidence suggests that programming of obesity may occur following over-nutrition during development. As hypothalamic control of appetite and energy expenditure is set early in life and can be perturbed by certain exposures, such as undernutrition and altered metabolic and hormonal signals, in utero exposure to maternal obesity-related changes may contribute to programming of obesity in offspring. Data from animal studies indicate both intrauterine and postnatal environments are critical determinants of the development of pathways regulating energy homeostasis. This review summarizes recent evidence of the impact of maternal obesity on subsequent obesity risk, paying particular attention to the hypothalamic regulation of appetite and markers of metabolic control. The extraordinary rise in the rates of maternal obesity underlines an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms contributing to its transgenerational effects.
虽然成人的生活方式因素无疑会导致肥胖及其相关疾病的发生，但越来越多的证据表明，在发育过程中营养过剩后可能会出现肥胖的编程现象。由于下丘脑对食欲和能量消耗的控制在生命早期就已设定，并且可能会受到某些暴露因素的干扰，如营养不良以及代谢和激素信号的改变，子宫内暴露于与母体肥胖相关的变化可能会导致后代肥胖的编程。动物研究数据表明，子宫内和出生后的环境都是调节能量稳态途径发育的关键决定因素。本综述总结了近期关于母体肥胖对后续肥胖风险影响的证据，特别关注下丘脑对食欲的调节和代谢控制指标。母体肥胖率的异常上升凸显了迫切需要研究其跨代效应的机制。
