Grimme E, Zidack N K, Sikora R A, Strobel G A, Jacobsen B J
Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman 59717-3150.
Inst. für Pflanzenkrankheiten, University of Bonn, Nussallee 9, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
Plant Dis. 2007 Feb;91(2):220-225. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-91-2-0220.
A biorational synthetic mixture of organic components mimicking key antimicrobial gases produced by Muscodor albus was equivalent to the use of live M. albus for control of seedling diseases of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) caused by Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2, and Aphanomyces cochlioides. The biorational mixture provided better control than the live M. albus formulation for control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The biorational mixture provided control of damping-off equal to a starch-based formulation of the live fungus for all three sugar beet pathogens, and significantly reduced the number of root-knot galls on tomato roots compared with a barley-based formulation. Rate studies with the biorational mixture showed that 2 and 0.75 µl/cm of soil were required to provide optimal control of Rhizoctonia and Pythium damping-off of sugar beet, respectively. Five microliters of biorational mixture per milliliter of water was required for 100% mortality in 24 h for Meloidogyne incognita in in vitro studies. In in vivo studies, 1.67 µl of the biorational mixture/cm of sand resulted in fewer root-knot galls than a Muscodor albus infested ground barley formulation applied at 5 g/liter of sand.
一种模拟白腐菌产生的关键抗菌气体的有机成分的生物合理合成混合物，在防治由终极腐霉、立枯丝核菌AG 2-2和甜菜根腐病菌引起的甜菜（Beta vulgaris）幼苗病害方面，等同于使用活的白腐菌。在防治番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）方面，该生物合理混合物比活白腐菌制剂提供了更好的防治效果。对于所有三种甜菜病原体，该生物合理混合物提供的猝倒病防治效果与基于淀粉的活真菌制剂相当，并且与基于大麦的制剂相比，显著减少了番茄根上的根结瘤数量。对该生物合理混合物的用量研究表明，分别需要2和0.75微升/平方厘米的土壤，才能对甜菜的立枯丝核菌和终极腐霉猝倒病提供最佳防治效果。在体外研究中，每毫升水加入5微升生物合理混合物，可使根结线虫在24小时内达到100%死亡率。在体内研究中，每平方厘米沙子加入1.67微升生物合理混合物，比每升沙子施用5克受白腐菌侵染的大麦制剂产生的根结瘤更少。
