Women's and Children's Division, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 13;16(4):538. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16040538.
Ensuring that the entire Australian population is Vitamin D sufficient is challenging, given the wide range of latitudes spanned by the country, its multicultural population and highly urbanised lifestyle of the majority of its population. Specific issues related to the unique aspects of vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy and infancy further complicate how best to develop a universally safe and effective public health policy to ensure vitamin D adequacy for all. Furthermore, as Australia is considered a "sunny country", it does not yet have a national vitamin D food supplementation policy. Rickets remains very uncommon in Australian infants and children, however it has been recognised for decades that infants of newly arrived immigrants remain particularly at risk. Yet vitamin D deficiency rickets is entirely preventable, with the caveat that when rickets occurs in the absence of preexisting risk factors and/or is poorly responsive to adequate treatment, consideration needs to be given to genetic forms of rickets.
鉴于澳大利亚的纬度范围广泛、人口多元化以及其大部分人口高度城市化的生活方式，要确保全体澳大利亚人都有足够的维生素 D 是一项挑战。在怀孕期间和婴儿期维生素 D 代谢方面的一些特殊问题，使如何制定一个普遍安全有效的公共卫生政策来确保所有人的维生素 D 充足变得更加复杂。此外，由于澳大利亚被认为是一个“阳光充足的国家”，因此它目前还没有国家维生素 D 食品补充政策。佝偻病在澳大利亚婴儿和儿童中仍然非常罕见，但几十年来，人们已经认识到新移民的婴儿尤其处于危险之中。然而，佝偻病是完全可以预防的，前提是在没有先前存在的危险因素的情况下发生佝偻病，或者对充分治疗反应不佳时，需要考虑佝偻病的遗传形式。
