CEDAR and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2019 Feb 20;16(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12966-019-0782-9.
Physical activity decreases through childhood, adolescence and into adulthood: parents of young children are particularly inactive, potentially negatively impacting their children's activity levels. This study aimed to determine the association between objectively measured maternal and 6-year-old children's physical activity; explore how this association differed by demographic and temporal factors; and identify change during the transition to school (from age 4-6).
Data were from the UK Southampton Women's Survey. Physical activity of 530 6-year-olds and their mothers was measured concurrently using accelerometry for ≤7 days. Cross-sectionally, two-level mixed-effects linear regression was used to model the association between maternal-child daily activity behaviour at age 6 [minutes sedentary (SED); in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)]. Interactions with demographic factors and time of the week were tested; how the association differed across the day was also explored. Change in the association between maternal-child physical activity (from age 4-6) was assessed in a subset (n = 170) [outcomes: SED, MVPA and light physical activity (LPA)].
Mother-child daily activity levels were positively associated (SED: β = 0.23 [0.20, 0.26] minutes/day; MVPA: 0.53 [0.43, 0.64] minutes/day). The association was stronger at weekends (vs. weekdays) (interaction term: SED: β = 0.07 [0.02, 0.12]; MVPA: 0.44 [0.24, 0.64]). For SED, the association was stronger for those children with older siblings (vs. none); for MVPA, a stronger association was observed for those who had both younger and older siblings (vs. none) and a weaker relationship existed in spring compared to winter. Longitudinally, the association between mother-child activity levels did not change for SED and LPA. At age 6 (vs. age 4) the association between mother-child MVPA was weaker across the whole day (β: - 0.16 [- 0.31, - 0.01]), but remained similar at both ages between 3 and 11 pm.
More active mothers have more active 6-year-olds; this association was similar for boys and girls but differed by time of week, season and by age of siblings at home. Longitudinally, the association weakened for MVPA between 4 and 6 years, likely reflecting the differing activities children engage in during school hours and increased independence. Family-based physical activity remains an important element of children's activity behaviour regardless of age. This could be exploited in interventions to increase physical activity within families.
儿童期、青少年期和成年期的身体活动量逐渐减少：幼儿的父母特别不活跃，这可能会对孩子的活动水平产生负面影响。本研究旨在确定客观测量的母亲和 6 岁儿童身体活动之间的关联；探讨这种关联如何因人口统计学和时间因素而不同；并确定从 4-6 岁过渡到学校时（从 4-6 岁）的变化。
数据来自英国南安普敦妇女调查。使用加速度计对 530 名 6 岁儿童及其母亲进行了≤7 天的同步身体活动测量。横截面混合效应线性回归用于对 6 岁时母婴每日活动行为（分钟久坐（SED）；中到剧烈体力活动（MVPA））之间的关联进行建模。测试了与人口统计学因素和一周中时间的交互作用；还探讨了关联在一天中的差异。在一个亚组（n=170）中评估了母婴身体活动（从 4-6 岁）之间关联的变化（结局：SED、MVPA 和轻度体力活动（LPA））。
母婴每日活动水平呈正相关（SED：β=0.23 [0.20, 0.26] 分钟/天；MVPA：0.53 [0.43, 0.64] 分钟/天）。这种关联在周末（与工作日相比）更强（交互项：SED：β=0.07 [0.02, 0.12]；MVPA：0.44 [0.24, 0.64]）。对于 SED，与没有兄弟姐妹的儿童相比，有兄弟姐妹的儿童（年龄较大）的关联更强；对于 MVPA，与没有兄弟姐妹的儿童相比，有年幼和年长兄弟姐妹的儿童的关联更强，而在春季与冬季相比，关联较弱。纵向来看，SED 和 LPA 之间母亲与孩子的活动水平之间的关联并没有改变。6 岁（与 4 岁相比）时，全天母婴 MVPA 之间的关联较弱（β：-0.16 [-0.31, -0.01]），但在下午 3 点至晚上 11 点之间，在两个年龄之间仍然相似。
更活跃的母亲有更活跃的 6 岁孩子；这种关联在男孩和女孩中相似，但因周内时间、季节和在家中兄弟姐妹的年龄而异。纵向来看，4 至 6 岁之间 MVPA 的关联减弱，这可能反映了儿童在上学期间从事的不同活动以及独立性的提高。以家庭为基础的身体活动仍然是儿童活动行为的一个重要组成部分，无论年龄大小。这可以在干预措施中加以利用，以增加家庭内的身体活动。
