MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge,United Kingdom.
MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton,United Kingdom.
J Phys Act Health. 2022 Jul 21;19(8):558-565. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0718. Print 2022 Aug 1.
To explore activity behaviors at school entry, we describe temporal/demographic associations with accelerometer-measured physical activity in a population-based sample of British 6-year-olds, and examine change from ages 4 to 6.
A total of 712 six-year-olds (308 at both ages) wore Actiheart accelerometers for ≥3 (mean 6.0) days. We derived minutes per day sedentary (<20 cpm) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA, ≥460 cpm), also segmented across mornings (06:00 AM to 09:00 AM), school (09:00 AM to 3:00 PM), and evenings (3:00 PM to 11:00 PM). Using mixed effects linear regression, we analyzed associations between temporal/demographic factors and children's activity intensities at age 6, and change between ages 4 and 6.
Six-year-old children engaged in MVPA (mean [SD]): 64.9 (25.7) minutes per day (53% met UK guidelines). Girls did less MVPA than boys, particularly during school hours. Children were less active on weekends (vs weekdays) and more active on spring/summer evenings (vs winter). Longitudinally, 6-year-old children did less light physical activity (-43.0; 95% confidence interval, -47.5 to -38.4 min/d) but were more sedentary (29.4; 24.6 to 34.2), and engaged in greater MVPA (7.1; 5.2 to 9.1) compared to when they were aged 4.
Half of 6-year-old children met current activity guidelines; MVPA levels were lower in girls and at weekends. UK children became more sedentary but did more MVPA as they entered formal schooling. Physical activity promotion efforts should capitalize on these changes in MVPA, to maintain positive habits.
为了探究入学时的活动行为，我们描述了在英国 6 岁儿童的基于人群的样本中，与加速度计测量的身体活动相关的时间/人口统计学因素，并检查了从 4 岁到 6 岁的变化。
共有 712 名 6 岁儿童（308 名在两个年龄段都有）佩戴 Actiheart 加速度计≥3（平均 6.0）天。我们计算了每天坐着（<20 cpm）和中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA，≥460 cpm）的时间，也分段为早晨（06:00 AM 至 09:00 AM）、学校（09:00 AM 至 3:00 PM）和晚上（3:00 PM 至 11:00 PM）。我们使用混合效应线性回归分析了时间/人口统计学因素与 6 岁儿童活动强度的关系，以及 4 岁至 6 岁之间的变化。
6 岁儿童的 MVPA（平均[标准差]）为：64.9（25.7）分钟/天（53%符合英国指南）。女孩的 MVPA 少于男孩，尤其是在学校时间。儿童在周末（与平日相比）活动较少，在春/夏季晚上（与冬季相比）活动较多。纵向来看，6 岁儿童的轻度体力活动减少了（-43.0；95%置信区间，-47.5 至-38.4 min/d），但久坐时间增加了（29.4；24.6 至 34.2），MVPA 增加了（7.1；5.2 至 9.1），与 4 岁时相比。
一半的 6 岁儿童符合当前的活动指南；女孩和周末的 MVPA 水平较低。英国儿童进入正规学校后变得更加久坐，但进行了更多的 MVPA。体力活动促进工作应利用这些 MVPA 的变化，保持积极的习惯。
